Course Catalog for School of Law

LAWS 100. Independent Research Project.1 Credit.

The independent research project permits a student to conduct a major research and writing project under the supervision of a full-time member of the law school faculty. The student should prepare a written assignment that is 20 or more pages in length, exclusive of footnotes, per credit assigned. A student who wishes to write an independent research paper must submit to the supervising faculty member a written proposal that demonstrates that he or she has a viable topic for research. The student must register for the course, with the approval of the faculty member, by the beginning of the student's next-to-last semester of law school.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 101. Civil Procedure I.2 Credits.

This year-long course includes an examination of the adversary system and an introduction to such topics as jurisdiction and venue, pleading and pretrial procedures, jury trials, motions, verdicts and judgments, and appealability and review. The course focuses on procedure in the federal court system. (4 credits)

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, Fall

LAWS 102. Civil Procedure II.2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 103. Contracts I.2-3 Credits.

This year-long course provides an introduction to the law relating to agreements. It addresses such topics as formation of contracts, liability in the absence of an agreed exchange between parties, the meaning and the content of contracts, bases for avoiding enforcement of contracts, the performance of contracts, the consequences of non-performance of contracts, and the remedies available for breach of contract.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 104. Contracts II.3-4 Credits.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 105. Property.4 Credits.

This course provides an introduction to the law of property, primarily real property, with some coverage of personal property law. Topics covered include gifts, historical development and basic common law principles of property law, estates in land, easements, restrictive covenants, future interests in real property, contracts for the sale of land, conveyancing, mortgages, possessory rights, the real property recording system, and governmental land-use regulation.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 107. Torts.4 Credits.

This course provides an introduction to tort liability. The course includes a study of topics such as intentional torts, negligence, strict liability and no-fault theories, and concepts of damages.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 110. Constitutional Law I.3 Credits.

The course is a study of basic principles of constitutional law as interpreted by the U.S. Supreme Court. The primary focus is on judicial review, relationships in the federal system, powers of congress, powers of the president, residual powers of the state, and an introduction to civil rights and their protection.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 111. Legal Research & Writing I.2 Credits.

This year-long course trains students in the fundamentals of legal research and analysis, and legal writing and argument. Students are taught how to locate cases and statutes and to apply legal principles in a factual setting. The program focuses on preparing students to think and communicate effectively in written and spoken communications in the legal context. Students prepare such documents as intra-office memoranda, client opinion letters, complaints and appellate briefs, and present oral arguments in a courtroom setting. Clear and effective writing and speaking are indispensable in the successful practice of law and are emphasized throughout the law school curriculum.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 112. Legal Research & Writing II.2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 113. Criminal Law.3 Credits.

The purpose of this course is to give students a working knowledge of the substantive law of crimes. It covers general definitions, construction of criminal statutes, elements of crimes, causation, parties to crime, criminal responsibility and capacity, justification and excuse, and defenses. The course also covers the inchoate offenses of solicitation, attempt, and conspiracy, and offenses against persons and property.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 114. Administrative Law.3 Credits.

This course comprises a consideration of the origin and growth of administrative process. Among other topics, it deals with: the constitutional position of agencies; administrative discretion in formulating policy; the choice between regulation and adjudication; the binding effect of rules; declaratory orders; administrative jurisdiction and the right to invoke it; primary and discretionary jurisdiction; the investigative function; problems growing out of notice and right; time and extent of a hearing; the process of the institutional decision; the right to judicial review of agency decisions; and the scope of judicial review.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 115. The Bar Exam: Fundamentals & Strategies.1-2 Credits.

This course is intended to help prepare students to take the bar examination. The course utilizes materials from the Multistate Bar Exam (MBE), the Connecticut Bar Exam, a commercial bar-prep company, and professor-created materials. The curriculum includes multiple-choice questions, essay questions and performance test questions; students respond to questions in all formats, and the class reviews and explains answers. The course also includes discussion of study techniques and effective exam-taking strategies. Pass/Fail grading only. Please contact Professor Olivenbaum directly at Joseph.Olivenbaum@qu.edu if you wish to take this course for 0 credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 116. Unfair and Deceptive Trade Practices.3 Credits.

The course involves an in-depth study of the principal state and federal statutes prohibiting unfair and deceptive conduct in business, including the Connecticut Unfair Trade Practices Act ("CUTPA") and similar statutes in other states, the Federal Trade Commission Act, and the federal Lanham Act. Because of the extensive private remedies provided by many state statutes, claims under those statutes, including those of Connecticut, Massachusetts, Illinois, New Jersey, California, Washington and Florida, have become staples of private business and consumer litigation. The goal of this course is to help students develop an understanding of the policies underlying those state and federal statutes and how they relate to each other and to prepare them to advise clients and litigate cases concerning them.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 117. Trademarks and Copyright in the Digital Age.2 Credits.

This course provides a practical understanding of trademarks and copyrights and their importance in the business world, from the vantage point of a practitioner in this field. The course includes creation of rights, statutory protection, and enforcement of rights, with emphasis on the ever-changing digital world and the overall evolution of copyright and trademark laws in the context of protecting clients' brands and works of authorship. Grading is based on a paper submitted at the end of the semester, together with class participation and some practical writing exercises throughout the semester.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 200. Field Placement II.1-10 Credits.

This program is designed to allow students to repeat an externship course, or take a second externship course, or take a second externship course that has a classroom component similar to that for the first externship, without repeating the seminar portion of the program. Students must have completed a previous externship program. (1 to 6 credits: all credits pass/fail)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 205. Business Organizations.4 Credits.

This course examines the main forms of business organization (corporation, partnership, limited partnership, and unincorporated association) and the concepts, risks and consequences of doing business through representatives. Consideration is given to the promotion, organization and management of the private business enterprise. The course examines the legal relationships existing between the corporation and its directors, officers, stockholders, and creditors; devices to reduce risks; formation, dissolution and termination of partnerships; partnership property and distribution of assets; and agency relationships, concepts, and responsibilities. Attention is given to selected provisions of the Federal Securities Laws and their judicial interpretation.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 250. Symposium: Cannabis Law.2 Credits.

Through readings, lectures, and guest speakers, this two-credit course will introduce students to cannabis law in the United States. The course will begin with a brief history of cannabis law and policy, from prohibition to the contemporary era of the emerging cannabis industry on the state and local levels. The course will then explore the various legal, business, and cultural issues that arise in the cannabis industry, including the implications of cannabis' status as a federal Schedule I substance.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 251. Symposium: Space Law.2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 253. Animal Law.2 Credits.

This course canvasses much of the existing legal regulation of animals, including: at the federal level, the Endangered Species Act, EPA's CAFO regulations of feed lots, the Humane Slaughter Act, the Animal Welfare Act, regulation of food by the FDA and USDA, and regulatory conflicts with constitutional rights, such as First Amendment restrictions on the regulation of depictions of animal cruelty and on regulation of ritual or religious practices of animal slaughter. At the state level, the course discusses cruelty statutes, pet trusts, laws regulating veterinary medicine, hunting regulations, property rights in animals, tort damages for loss of animals, food libel laws, and local regulation of farm animals and food production. It also touches on the pervasive influence in this area of private regulation through industry or university-based standards as well as the influence of international markets and international standards. (2 or 3 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 255. Judicial Clerkship Seminar - W.3 Credits.

This course prepares students for judicial clerkships at either the state or the federal trial or appellate levels. It supplements the substantive courses that future clerks should take by providing intensive writing experience and by exposing students to a variety of issues important to law clerks. The writing component of the course requires each student to write a bench memorandum, a ruling on a procedural motion, a majority opinion and a dissenting opinion. Each of the writing exercises deals with a different area of substantive law, which may include federal habeas corpus actions, state constitutional law questions, or any of a wide variety of administrative agency matters. Students gain experience in research of the types of work done by law clerks, and explore matters of court structure, court procedures, clerkships ethical issues and conflicts of interest. Faculty members with clerkship experience teach the course, with federal and state judges as guest lecturers. Limited enrollment. Full-time students must have completed three semesters, and part-time students must have completed five semesters. Enrollment preference is given to students whose academic performance indicates that they may be competitive in applying for federal and state appellate clerkships. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 256. Sympos: Police Accountability.2 Credits.

This discussion-based seminar evaluates the methods law uses to oversee police conduct, such as the exclusionary rule, warrant requirements, and civil liability. In addition to studying relevant legal doctrines, students read sociology, social psychology and political science literature about the relationship between policing and democracy. From this perspective, the course asks whether the legal methods for holding police accountable are sufficiently effective. Students also evaluate various proposals for enhancing police accountability. While this course touches on the rules of criminal procedure governing police investigations, the focus is different from a criminal procedure course: The emphasis is less on specifics of the rules governing police investigations and more on critically analyzing those rules. The course also addresses areas outside criminal procedure, such as civil liability, qualified immunity and executive branch oversight of police. Grades are based on in-class discussion, weekly reading responses, and two practice-oriented writing assignments.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 291. Advanced Writing and Research S,W.2 Credits.

This course offers upper-level students intensive practice in writing and research. It builds on and reinforces skills introduced and developed in Legal Skills classes while focusing on writing and advanced research. Satisfactory completion of the major writing assignment of the class satisfies the substantial paper component of the advanced writing requirement.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 292. Independent Research Project W.2 Credits.

The independent research project permits a student to conduct a major research and writing project under the supervision of a full-time member of the law school faculty. Each student prepares a written assignment that is 20 or more pages in length, exclusive of footnotes, per credit assigned. A student who wishes to write an independent research paper must submit to the supervising faculty member a written proposal that demonstrates that he or she has a viable topic for research. The student must register for the course, with the approval of the faculty member, by the beginning of the student's next-to-last semester of law school. An independent research project may satisfy the substantial paper component of the advanced writing requirement if the project is for either 2 or 3 credits.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 293. Independent Research Project W.3 Credits.

The independent research project permits students to conduct a major research and writing project under the supervision of a full-time member of the law school faculty. Each student prepares a written assignment that is 20 or more pages in length, exclusive of footnotes, per credit assigned. A student who wishes to write an independent research paper must submit to the supervising faculty member a written proposal that demonstrates that he or she has a viable topic for research. The student must register for the course, with the approval of the faculty member, by the beginning of the student's next-to-last semester of law school. An independent research project may satisfy the substantial paper component of the advanced writing requirement if the project is for either 2 or 3 credits.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 294. Civil Justice Clinic.2-6 Credits.

Students represent low-income clients in a variety of civil matters in superior and probate courts and before administrative bodies and school officials. Typically, students in the Civil Clinic can expect to represent clients in employment, housing, family, education and health matters, and also engage in legislative and administrative advocacy. One or two class meetings per week. Evening Civil Clinic: Students represent low-income clients in a variety of civil matters in superior and probate courts and before administrative bodies and school officials. Typically, students in the Evening Civil Clinic can expect to represent clients in employment, housing, family, education, and health matters, and also engage in legislative and administrative advocacy. Students are required to reserve at least one two-hour block of time per week for class and supervision sessions. Students also are required to reserve at least one four-hour block of time per semester for daytime client representation; adequate notice is provided to students.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 295. Tax Clinic.2-6 Credits.

Students represent individuals in tax controversies before the I.R.S. at the audit, appeals, and collection level, as well as before the U.S. Tax and District Courts. Students may assist the director on development and implementation of outreach programs designed to advise low-income and ESL individuals about their rights and responsibilities as taxpayers. Two class meetings per week. (Pre-requisite: Federal Income Tax) (4 to 6 credits, consisting of a mandatory 2-credit seminar and 2-4 credits of casework; a 1-credit option for casework is rare, available only with prior professor approval and for good cause)

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305.

LAWS 296. Judicial Externship.2-5 Credits.

Students enrolled in this course are placed with state or federal judges and magistrates. Students may be asked to write and present seminar papers as well as to research and write for their judges. Each student enrolled is supervised by a faculty member. Grading on a pass-fail basis is the responsibility of the supervising faculty members after consultation with the judge and seminar leader.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 297. Law Review I.1-2 Credits.

The Quinnipiac Law Review Association is a student-operated association. It publishes the Quinnipiac Law Review (QLR), a law journal that includes articles and book reviews written by legal scholars, as well as case comments and notes written by student members. A board of student editors solicits, organizes, edits and publishes material for QLR. Membership is based on academic achievement and/or participation in an annual write-on competition. Successful completion of all requirements entitles a student to 4 academic credits and credit for the substantial paper component of the Advanced Writing Requirement.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 299. Appellate Clinic I - Defense.1 Credit.

Students represent criminal defendants in appeals of their convictions under the supervision of a visiting professor from the Public Defender's Appellate Unit. Students write one or two briefs and usually argue an appeal before the Connecticut Appellate or Supreme Court. Prerequisites or corequisites: Criminal Procedure and Evidence. 6-credit, year-long program beginning each fall: 4 credits in first semester; 2 credits in second semester.

Corequisites: Take LAWS 311.

LAWS 300. Appellate Clinic II - Defense.1 Credit.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 299.

LAWS 301. Clinic Seminar.1-4 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 302. Appellate Clinic I-Prosecutorial-P.1 Credit.

Students represent the state of Connecticut in appeals of criminal convictions under the supervision of a visiting professor from the Chief State's Attorney's Office Appellate Bureau. Students write one or two briefs and usually argue an appeal before the Connecticut Appellate or Supreme Court. Pre- or co-requisites: Criminal Procedure and Evidence (6-credit, year-long program beginning each fall: 3 credits in 1st semester; 3 credits in 2nd semester).

Corequisites: Take LAWS 311.

LAWS 303. Appellate Clinic II-Prosecutorial-P.1 Credit.

Students represent the state of Connecticut in appeals of criminal convictions under the supervision of a visiting professor from the Chief State's Attorney's Office Appellate Bureau. Students write one or two briefs and usually argue an appeal before the Connecticut Appellate or Supreme Court. Pre- or co-requisites: Criminal Procedure and Evidence. 6-credit, year-long program beginning each fall: 3 credits in 1st semester; 3 credits in 2nd semester.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 302;

LAWS 305. Federal Income Tax.4 Credits.

This course deals with the Federal Income Tax System and its impact on individuals and business activity. Emphasis is placed on the following: an intense analysis of the key Internal Revenue Code provisions, treasury regulations, and judicial decisions; fundamental principles and common threads of federal tax policy, economics, and public finance; the relationship of federal income taxation to other areas of the law; and how federal tax laws are actually made (including a continual evaluation of tax preferences available to certain groups). Some specific areas of code included are: items included in gross income, permissible deductions, tax accounting problems, and capital gains and losses.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 307. Trusts and Estates.3 Credits.

This course looks at the law of gratuitous transfers, including consideration of interstate succession, wills, gifts, trusts, and marital property. The choices adopted by Uniform Probate Code are compared with choices made by other statutes.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 105.

LAWS 309. Estate and Gift Taxation.2 Credits.

This course examines the Federal Unified Transfer taxes on gratuitous transfers during life and at death and the generation skipping transfer tax.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305, LAWS 307.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 310. Accounting Concepts for Lawyers.2 Credits.

The course is designed to impart an understanding of the basic principles of accounting with which lawyers should be familiar.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 311. Evidence.3-4 Credits.

This course considers the rules regulating the introduction and exclusion of evidence in civil and criminal trials. Specific subjects dealt with are: relevancy of evidence; the burden of producing evidence and the burden of persuasion; presumptions; competency of witnesses; examination of witnesses; privileges; the hearsay rule and its exceptions; demonstrative evidence; writings and judicial notice and functions of judge and jury.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 312. Partnership Tax.2-3 Credits.

A study of the tax problems associated with organizing and operating a partnership include those problems arising from the death or withdrawal of a partner, transfer of interests and dissolutions.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 313. Advanced Individual Income Tax.3 Credits.

This course covers topics that may be of interest to students who plan to practice in the areas of federal income taxation, employee law, or family law. Topics include advanced issues of tax accounting, issues concerning special forms of income, and issues resulting from financial transactions.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305.

LAWS 314. Employee Benefits.2 Credits.

This course provides students with an overview of pension and welfare benefit plans covered under the federal income tax and ERISA (labor) laws. The course covers traditional employee benefits, such as medical, accident, disability, vacation, and unemployment benefits, and defined contribution retirement plans, such as flat benefit plans, ESOP's, profit-sharing plans, 401(k) plans, and IRAs, together with a brief introduction to executive compensation.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305.

LAWS 315. Trial Practice Exp.2-3 Credits.

This course provides an opportunity for students to coordinate their knowledge of procedure and evidence with their knowledge of substantive law in a realistic and dramatic setting, with the aim of developing some facility in the techniques of trial practice. The course focuses on the trial and pretrial process, including: interviewing of clients; investigation of facts; preparation of witnesses; examination and cross-examination of witnesses; choosing a jury; use of experts; discovery and other pretrial preparations; motion practice; and trial tactics. Students draft motions and memoranda and appear in simulated proceedings. Audiovisual equipment may be used. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 316. Advanced Trial Practice.2 Credits.

This course teaches more advanced practice techniques than the basic Trial Practice course, including the skills of taking depositions, jury selection, direct and cross examination, opening and closing arguments, and evidence. (Prerequisites: Trial Practice and Evidence or Civil Clinic, or Criminal Justice Clinic)

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 317. Advanced Mock Trial.2 Credits.

Students selected to compete in interscholastic Mock Trial may enroll in Mock Trial once and Advanced Mock Trial once. However, students may take a maximum of three out of four of the following courses: Trial Practice, Advanced Trial Practice, Mock Trial, and Advanced Mock Trial. (2 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 318. Mock Trial.1-2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 320. Public Health Law.3 Credits.

Students examine the legal, ethical and public health challenges posed by contemporary issues such as drug-resistant infectious disease, renewed resistance to childhood vaccination, firearms regulation, controversial testing and screening programs, programs targeting tobacco use and obesity, and potential threats of bioterrorism. Each of these challenges raises the core issue of the extent to which governments may restrain individual citizens and individual choice for the promotion of collective health and safety. When and to what extent must the constitutionally protected rights of individuals yield to the state's inherent obligation to exercise its police power for the protection of the broader community? How does the law function as an instrument of social and public health policy? The historical legal constructs on which public health law is grounded are fundamental to understanding the constraints within which public health authorities must function. Students examine the way in which established public health law principles, legislation, regulation and ethics intersect as public health programs and community health care interventions are designed and delivered.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 321. Lawyers' Professional Responsibility.2-3 Credits.

This course examines the ethical obligations of all attorneys in the practice of law. Our focus is on the ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct and understanding the basic requirements and conundrums that confront attorneys throughout the client representation, counseling and advocacy process. Among other topics, students explore the duties of competence, communication, confidentiality, candor to the court, and the identification and treatment of conflicts of interest. How should an attorney choose between the interests of a client, one's self, and the public in general? Active class discussion based on factual examples.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 322. Therapeutic Jurisprudence.2 Credits.

This course focuses attention on the consequences of law for the psychological functioning and emotional well-being of clients and other persons affected by the legal system. Acknowledging the law as a force that can have both therapeutic and antitherapeutic consequences, this interdisciplinary perspective urges the legal community to attend to the mental health effects of what we do.

Corequisites: Take LAWS 599 and LAWS 321.

LAWS 323. Commercial Law.4 Credits.

Commercial Law (4 credits): This course is an introduction to Article 2 (Sales), Article 2A (Leases) and Article 9 (Secured Transactions) of the Uniform Commercial Code.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 325. Securities Regulation.3 Credits.

This course involves a study of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Particular emphasis is placed on the registration, distribution, and sale of securities; distribution of corporate information; and liability under the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 327. Labor Law.3 Credits.

The course covers relations in the private sector between employers and employees regulated by the National Labor Relations Act and associated legislation. The organization of employees, the selection of bargaining representatives and employer responses to these and related activities are considered. Where time permits, the course also considers the legal framework in which collective bargaining occurs. (Strongly recommended: Administrative Law)

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 329. Communications Laws.3 Credits.

This course involves a study of selected issues related to the role of the press in a free society. It may include a brief survey of First Amendment theory as it relates to the press and communications media; defamation; privacy; free press and fair trial; reporter privilege; access to and use of governmental information; right of access to the press; and regulation of radio and television broadcasting, encompassing such questions as regulation of debate, the fairness doctrine, and various forms of antitrust regulation in the communications industry. Future regulatory and First Amendment issues spawned by fast-developing communications technology are considered.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 331. Intellectual Property.3-4 Credits.

This course is concerned with law relating to expression, creativity, invention, and identity. The course covers topics such as copyright, trademark, and trade secret law and materials dealing with the social and economic context of this law.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 332. Patent Law.2 Credits.

The course covers the fundamentals of patent law and the relationship of patent law to other means of protecting ideas.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 333. Advanced Patents.2-3 Credits.

A continuation of the study of the fundamentals of patent law.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 335. Patent Litigation.2 Credits.

This course involves the study of litigation in U.S. state and federal courts in cases involving patent law.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 336. Intellectual Property Licensing.2 Credits.

This course covers intellectual property assignments and licenses, including express and implied licenses, negotiation, valuation, standard contract terms, antitrust concerns, enforcement, and contract issues of particular importance in licensing.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 337. Jurisprudence.3 Credits.

A survey of the problems and perspectives of legal philosophy and an analysis of selected issues.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 338. Visual Persuasion in the Law Exp.3 Credits.

Students learn to make legal arguments using images as well as words. Students read and discuss interdisciplinary materials including rhetoric, visual perception, social psychology, narrative theory, art history, media studies, and advertising; perform hands-on visual exercises to gain practice in making and responding to images; and listen to guest lectures and see examples of work done by legal visual displays for use as demonstrative evidence and in closing argument in highly realistic hypothetical cases. No prior visual arts experience is required or expected. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 339. Conflict of Laws.2 Credits.

This is a study of problems arising from the coexistence of states within the American Federal Union and of nations within the world order. In particular, the course considers the issues of the choice of the law governing transactions related to more than one jurisdiction, constitutional limitations on the jurisdiction of courts, and recognition of sister-state and foreign judgments.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 340. Corporate Compliance in Health Care Industry.3 Credits.

This course addresses both the managerial and legal aspects of health care corporate compliance. Essential elements of a compliance program are presented. Special focus is placed on various pieces of federal legislation and enforcement initiatives conducted by the U.S. Department of Justice and the Office of Inspector General in the Department of Health and Human Services.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 341. Insurance.2 Credits.

This course is a study of the legal principles applicable to the control of insurance and to the state regulation of insurance. These principles are examined in the light of their institutional setting. Legal and non-legal material is utilized in this course. Topics studied are: formation of a contract; insurable interest; premiums; construction of life, property, accident liability and group contracts; concealments; warranties; conditions; exceptions; waiver; and estoppel.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 343. Land Use Planning Exp.3 Credits.

This course involves a critical examination of governmental and private attempts to control land use. Investigations are made of common law principles and of constitutional restrictions upon 1) private controls such as the Law of Nuisance and Restrictive Covenants; and 2) statutory regulation such as zoning, subdivision controls, growth controls, and land trusts. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 344. Law, Science and Technology.3 Credits.

This course explores several areas in which scientific and technological advances have had an impact on the legal system, either by calling for changes in the system itself, of by provoking attempts to impose legal controls on the conduct of scientific research or the uses of scientific knowledge. The different approaches of law and science to problems of causation and proof are discussed. Specific topics that may be discussed as illustrative of the problems arising at the interface of law and science include (time permitting): behavioral research and the application of social science data to the legal system, the use of scientific and statistical evidence in court, problems created by the computer, legal regulation of scientific research that poses apparent ethical or health problems, and legal control of technology that poses real or apparent hazards to public health (e.g., nuclear reactors).

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 345. Health Law.2 Credits.

This introductory course is recommended for students who are interested in the major state and federal legal and policy issues governing health care, particularly the Affordable Care Act. The course focuses on how the law impacts health care access, quality and costs together with topics such as the patient-provider relationship, and private and public insurance regulation. Students study how to counsel health care clients on dealing with the impact of legislation, regulation, administrative agencies, and case law. This course is cross listed for the Health Care Compliance Certificate (offered in conjunction with the School of Business) and the Scholarly Reflection and Concentration/Capstone Course at the Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine. (2 or 3 credits)

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 347. Remedies.3-4 Credits.

This course commences with an examination of remedial goals in torts, contracts, and unjust enrichment cases, with an emphasis on aspects of the modern law of damages. This analysis is continued in specific contexts throughout the course. There is some coverage of equity and on particular aspects of equitable remedies. The course considers remedies for injuries to real and personal property, tangible and intangible interests, persons and status. There also is a consideration of remedies for nominally unenforceable transactions. (3 credits)

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 349. Antitrust.3-4 Credits.

This course examines the application of the Sherman Act, Clayton Act, Federal Trade Commission Act, and Robinson-Patman Act as controls on economic activity. The course examines the legal responses to problems of monopolization; collaboration among competitors; vertical controls on dealing; horizontal, vertical, and conglomerate mergers; and price discrimination.(3 or 4 credits)

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 350. Health Care Antitrust.3-4 Credits.

This course deals with the application of antitrust laws in the health care setting. It examines antitrust economics, the basic antitrust offenses and defenses, and applies these to the health care market, including branded and generic prescription drugs. Students discuss antitrust restrictions on hospital mergers, on the formation of physician groups, joint ventures, drug marketing, professional organizations' activities, and managed care. It is not necessary to have taken basic antitrust in advance of taking this course. The beginning of the course includes a review of the major U.S. antitrust statutes and concepts; after that the emphasis shifts to new health care cases, and health care-specific issues affecting the health care industry, particularly its regulation by the U.S. Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission, as well as joint U.S. and EU enforcement activities.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 352. Health Care Business Transactions.3 Credits.

This course gives students the opportunity to study health law as it relates to transactions in the health care industry. The course is structured around a set of standard health care business transactions. For instance: 1) A health system desires to provide professional medical services; students evaluate options for corporate organization, physician compensation, and related employment or service contracts; 2) A tax-exempt health system desires to create a joint venture with physicians to provide ambulatory surgery services; students evaluate corporate organization, tax-exemption and fraud and abuse issues, and review key terms of an Operating Agreement; 3) A health system is considering corporate governance issues; students evaluate different options and good governance practices and review key terms in relevant corporate documents; 4) A health system is considering contracting for medical equipment; students evaluate fraud and abuse issues and various key contract issues and provisions. (The professor may elect to use other types of transactions as new developments arise in the health care field.)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 355. Corporate Finance.3 Credits.

This is a study of the elements legally required for securities valuation in reorganization, recapitalizations, and dissenters' appraisals; rights and priorities accorded different types of securities; and obligations of corporations toward shareholders, together with dividend requirements and policies. Legal accounting and tax aspects of mergers, acquisitions, and tender offers are considered, including an overview of related disclosure and behavioral requirements under securities laws.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 205.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 356. Arbitration.2-3 Credits.

This course surveys the expanding field of arbitration, which is now a primary institution in American and international commerce for resolution of civil disputes. Students review laws and concepts central to arbitration, formation and enforcement of arbitration agreements, the process itself, and judicial enforcement of awards. They also survey the uses of arbitration in a variety of fields such as employment, commercial, labor, and health care law.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 357. Federal Courts.3 Credits.

This course considers jurisdictions of the federal courts and jurisdictions of the federal courts and conflicts between the federal and state judicial systems. Topics may include the nature of the judicial power; federal question, diversity, and removal jurisdiction; amount in controversy; application of federal or state law; abstention; injunctions of state proceedings; jurisdiction of the Supreme Court; jurisdiction of cases involving joinder of parties and claims and related devices, and procedural questions. Problems may be assigned and discussed.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 110.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 359. Admiralty.3 Credits.

This course involves a study of the jurisdiction of admiralty courts and the laws affecting maritime rights and obligations. Areas included are the history of maritime law, choice of law in admiralty cases, maritime property interests, rights of seamen, carriage of goods, salvage, and collision.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 360. International Criminal Law.3 Credits.

This course focuses on the jurisdiction, investigation and adjudication of international crimes within two procedural settings: 1) international organizations, and 2) national courts. This course is offered as part of a study abroad program at Trinity College in Dublin Ireland.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 113.

LAWS 361. International Law.2-3 Credits.

This broad survey course examines public international law and the principles that determine to what extent this law is incorporated within the U.S. domestic legal system. Students study a wide range of treaties and customary international law, as well as several of the major international institutions such as the United Nations that play a role in the international legal framework. They also consider to what extent international law operates as a rule of decision for our courts and as authority for or constraint on actions of the President, Congress, and U.S. states.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 362. National Security Law.2-3 Credits.

This course surveys United States law as it relates to national security. Topics include some or all of the following: separation of powers in national security matters, presidential war powers, congressional and presidential emergency powers, the role of the judiciary, the domestic effect of international law, the use of military force abroad, intelligence operations, investigating terrorism and other national security threats, prosecuting terrorists, the Freedom of Information and Privacy Acts, access to national security information, and restraints on leaking and publishing national security information. Prerequisite: Constitutional Law

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 363. International Comparative Health Law.2 Credits.

This course surveys and compares the world's major health laws. It begins with a comp analysis of health care systems, including an inquiry in comparative costs, the comparative populations served by various systems and a comparison of the health outcomes produced systems. The course then turns to comparative analysis of relevant legal concepts, including addressing liability of health care providers, reimbursement of health care providers, health bioethics, including right to refuse treatment and the right to die, and international conventions of right to health care.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 364. Federal Regulation of Health Care Fraud.2 Credits.

This course will provide an intensive look at the major federal regulatory schemes controlling health care in America. Beginning with an introduction to the Medicare program and its enormously complex billing compliance requirements, the course next considers the federal prosecutor's main tool, the False Claims Act. The Anti-Kickback statute, which requires evidence of wrongful intent to induce referrals, and the Stark Act and regulations prohibiting physician self-referrals are studied next. Next we turn to section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, which places constraints on the activities of tax exempt hospitals. The course also examines the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (the anti-dumping statute) and HIPAA, which imposes privacy and security requirements on patients' protected health information. (2 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 365. Comp. National Security Law.2 Credits.

This course introduces the student to a variety of legal issues relating to national security and counterterrorism in the United States, Ireland, and the United Kingdom. Topics may include the constitutional allocation of war-making powers, judicial review of national security issues, international and regional security organizations, control and oversight of intelligence gathering and covert operations, investigating and prosecuting terrorism, the use of the military in domestic counterterrorism, the rights of suspects and defendants in times of emergency, and restraints on accessing and disclosing information. Case studies will compare the British and Irish responses to the IRA bombings with the United States response to al Qaeda since September 11, 2001. (offered only as part of summer program at Trinity College, Dublin).

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 367. Counterterrorism Law.2 Credits.

This course is a survey of legal, constitutional and international issues relating to homeland security and the struggle against international and domestic terrorism. Topics may include intelligence gathering at home and abroad, criminal investigations of terrorist activity, detention and interrogation of terrorist suspects, civil detention, military commissions, planning responses to terrorist attacks (and natural disasters), the domestic role of military forces, and the protection of sensitive government information. This course complements the 2-credit course in National Security Law, which deals primarily with separation of powers and checks and balances in the federal government, in the context of national security, foreign affairs, and the war powers. Without the permission of the instructor, this course is not open to those who have taken a 3- or 4-credit course in National Security Law.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 369. Real Estate Transactions.3 Credits.

This course provides an introduction to the law of real estate transactions, with an emphasis on mortgage financing.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 105.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 370. Family Law.2-3 Credits.

This course involves a study of the family as a legal institution. Particular attention is given to rights and obligations during marriage and upon dissolution of the marriage.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 371. Divorce and the Divorcing Family.1-3 Credits.

This course examines divorce, custody and visitation, analyzing the emotional impact of these legal processes on children and parents in divorcing and post-divorce families. Students critique the current family law system with the aid of recent legal and social science research materials. The course requires students to analyze the role that lawyers play in exacerbating and ameliorating the effects of the divorce process on adult and child parties. Students examine ethical and practical constraints of integrating an interdisciplinary perspective to a family law practice and explore the benefits and limitations of divorce-related communication between family lawyers and mental health clinicians. (1, 2, or 3 credits)

Corequisites: Take LAWS 370.

LAWS 372. Representation in Mediation Exp.2 Credits.

The principal focus of this course is to explore mediation advocacy issues for the practitioner representing a client in a mediation. Mediation concepts and implications for developing skills for client representation are examined. Mediation-oriented styles, skills and techniques are contrasted with the techniques required in litigation and arbitration. The exclusive emphasis is on the practitioner's role as an advocate rather than as a neutral/mediator. (1 credit) Experiential course.

Corequisites: Take LAWS 428.

LAWS 373. Products Liability.3 Credits.

This course examines the emerging field of products liability law with emphasis on negligence, warranty, fraud, and strict liability in tort. Consideration is given to problems of proof and evidence, especially in the areas of drugs, automobiles and industrial machinery.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 374. Introduction to Mediation.2 Credits.

This course introduces students to basic mediation skills, practice and theory, including the benefits and limitations of mediation as a dispute resolution method. Class time is divided nearly equally between developing mediation skills as an impartial third party and discussing conceptual issues and challenges facing third-party neutrals. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 375. Legislation.2 Credits.

This course considers the legislature in perspective, examining it in its working relationships with other institutions of the American Legal System. The course is designed to develop an understanding of the potentialities and limitations of the legislative process. Students select an enumerated problem and propose a legislative solution.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 377. Energy Regulation and Public Policy.2 Credits.

Energy regulation touches core environmental, economic and social issues. The interplay of traditional utility regulation and recent restructuring initiatives that rely on markets to deliver reliable and reasonably priced power creates many political, economic and regulatory tensions. Focusing on the regulation and design of U.S. electric power systems (i.e., the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity) and related markets, with some limited exposure to natural gas developments and their impacts on electric markets, this course provides an introduction to the explicit and implicit policy tradeoffs inherent in the current and evolving system of energy regulation at the state, regional and federal levels. Topics covered include the classic cost of service regulation, competitive generation, wholesale market structures, regional transmission organizations, microgrids, "behind the meter" generation, net metering, submetering, renewable portfolio standards, the emerging role of demand response and efficiency as supply resources, retail competition and retail rate design. Guest speakers from industry and government provide diverse perspectives based on their experience in the regulatory and policy arena. The course introduces students to the roles, jurisdiction and tension of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and the Connecticut Public Utilities Regulatory Authority.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 379. Environmental Law.3 Credits.

This course examines the legislative, administrative and judicial responses to environmental problems. Students primarily focus on the major federal environmental statutes, including the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, and protections for endangered species and wilderness. Students also evaluate common law remedies, state environmental protections, and major international environmental issues, including climate change.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 381. Law and Economics.2 Credits.

This course explores the use of economic analysis in the study of specific legal problems, of the existing legal system, and of proposed modifications to existing legal structures. It begins by examining the nature of economic reasoning and limitation of applying economic theory, the course explores the economic foundations of property law, including entitlement theory, pollution problems, monopoly problems, government allocation of resources, and public property rights. It then examines the economic theory as applied to criminal sanctions and criminal law, tort negligence theory, strict liability, economic foundations of contract law, and contract impossibility. The direction of the course from that point is partially determined by the interest of the class but may include problems of population control, allocation of scarce medical resources, justification of inheritance, economic analysis of rent control and housing code enforcement, consumer problems, and military service. In general, the course avoids delving into areas that are covered in depth in other courses such as tax policy, antitrust law, and regulated industries.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 384. Juvenile Law.3 Credits.

The course examines the legal rights and responsibilities of minors. Topics to be studied include delinquency, abuse and neglect, representation of children in custody disputes, and educational rights of handicapped children. The course devotes attention to the role of the attorney, juvenile court and social and diagnostic services available to children and youths.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 385. Advanced Juvenile Law - Child Protection Practices.2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 386. Domestic Violence: Law, Practice and Pol.2 Credits.

This course examines domestic violence from a legal perspective. It includes a historical analysis of intimate partner violence and the various legal and societal changes that have evolved to form the current legal responses. Students explore a wide range of topics, including police and prosecutorial responses, expert witness testimony, battered women as criminal defendants, cultural differences, domestic violence in divorce and child custody disputes, legal remedies for battered immigrants, and domestic violence as a human rights and public health concern. The course is interactive and affords students the opportunity to utilize written and oral advocacy skills in applying the rules of evidence and ethics to civil and criminal issues around domestic violence.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 387. Advanced Juvenile Law: Delinquency Proceedings.2 Credits.

This course covers selected topics in juvenile law of current or continuing interest. Issues may include child custody, adoption, technological advances in childbearing, and the costs and benefits of indeterminacy in standards for child custody. There is no prerequisite but students should have taken either Juvenile Law or Family Law.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 388. Elder Law.2 Credits.

This course integrates such topics as estate planning, retirement planning, planning for Medicare, Medicaid, and other governmental entitlements, contracts for long-term nursing care, etc.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 390. Consumer Law.2-3 Credits.

This course addresses problems of formation of consumer transactions, the substance of consumer transactions, and the remedies available to the parties. The focus is on whether any intervention to protect the consumers is warranted, what forms intervention might take, and evaluating the cost and benefit of intervention. 2 - 3 credits(Prerequisite: Commercial Law)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 391. Civil and Political Rights Equal Protection.2 Credits.

This course is a study of the law of individual liberties and civil rights, with emphasis upon the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause and civil rights legislation.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 110.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 393. Business Planning.4 Credits.

This course represents an opportunity for students to integrate their work in previous substantive courses by examining a series of common business transactions. Students work in groups to consider and make recommendations to their "clients" on the choice of entity, capitalization, control, valuation, compensation, and management. They consider the opportunities for expansion if the business is successful, including "going public," merger or acquisition, or sale of the business. They also consider the consequences of failure: liquidation or dissolution of the business. Prerequisites: Federal Income Taxation.

Corequisites: LAWS 305.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 395. Corporate Tax.2 Credits.

This is a study of the basic concepts of the federal income taxation of corporations and shareholders with emphasis on the tax consequences of characterization, incorporation, dividends, redemptions, and liquidations. Included is an examination of the corporation as taxpayer, focusing on the corporation's liability under the regular and corporate alternative minimum tax.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 396. Bankruptcy and Creditors' Rights.3 Credits.

As events of the Great Recession have demonstrated, insolvency and the potential for insolvency affect many transactions and complicate efforts to enforce judgments and to resolve disputes. Practitioners in many fields including lending, commercial transactions, general litigation and family law will confront a bankruptcy issue at some point in their careers. This class begins with an overview of the various state law creditor remedies and debtor protections. The course focuses primarily on relief available for consumer and business debtors and the treatment of claims of secured and unsecured creditors under the Bankruptcy Code. Students explore issues in Chapter 7 (liquidation), Chapter 13 (individual reorganization) and Chapter 11 (business reorganization) bankruptcies. They survey out-of-court procedures such as workouts, sales under the UCC, compositions, receiverships and assignments for the benefit of creditors. Class discussion focuses more on problems than cases. The class applies legal principles in discussing solutions to practical problems. To the extent feasible, the class invites guests who practice in the field, examines pleadings in actual cases and provides practice pointers to assist students in the transition to becoming a lawyer.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 404. Criminal Justice Externship.2-5 Credits.

Students work in federal and state prosecution and public defender offices in Connecticut and, in some instances, in neighboring states. Prerequisite or corequisite: Criminal Procedure and Evidence

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 407. Legal Drafting & Writing.2-3 Credits.

This is a practical course, designed to teach students the fundamental skills of advocating a client's position in an appellate court, on appeal after an interlocutory order or trial court judgment. The course develops various lawyering skills including oral advocacy, legal writing and drafting, and legal research. Taught by a veteran appellate litigator, the course also explores real life ethical and professional issues that arise in appellate litigation, as well as strategies on appeal. Completion of the course automatically satisfies the substantial paper requirement. (2 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 408. Business Restructuring Lab.1 Credit.

Business Restructuring Lab: Bankruptcy and Its Alternatives This course assists students in making the transition from law school to practice in a business setting. Using their knowledge of bankruptcy law, students write memos; participate in mock client-counseling, negotiation and advocacy exercises; and comment on each other's work. In addition to bankruptcy law, course material and presentations emphasize business concepts, including financial literacy and rehabilitation of small to mid-sized troubled businesses. Although the course focuses specifically on insolvency, the practice skills emphasized, such as understanding the business contexts in which legal problems can arise, are also required for success in other business settings. Prerequisite: Concurrent or prior enrollment in Bankruptcy LAWS 396 Experiential course.

Corequisites: Take LAWS 396.

LAWS 409. Drug and Device Law.2-3 Credits.

This course explores both the historical background and current state of the regulation of prescription brand-name and generic drugs, over-the-counter drugs, medical devices, biological products, and cosmetics, including the process for premarket approval of these products. The course covers the relevant provisions of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as well as the Food and Drug Administration's authority to enforce the statute through administrative regulations and court enforcement. The relationships between FDA, Congress, and industry are explored and analyzed. Students consider the development and marketing of "biosimilar" products pursuant to the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009. Other topics include the regulation of advertising and promotional activities including off-label promotion, federal preemption in cases involving injury to patients from branded or generic drugs, FDA's inspection and enforcement procedures, and criminal liability for individuals and corporations. (May be offered for 2 or 3 credits dependent on instructor)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 410. Theories of Punishment S,W.2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 412. Habeas Corpus.2 Credits.

This course examines the legal and pragmatic place of habeas corpus and other post-conviction remedies in our criminal justice system, including cases of wrongful conviction and innocence. Topics include the function of habeas in relationship to the other stages of a criminal case, with emphasis on actual innocence and the death penalty, and the role of DNA and other forensic science tools. This course also explores the duties of the prosecution, involuntary confessions, racial discrimination and ineffective assistance of counsel. Students receive an introduction to the contrasting procedural rules governing habeas corpus in state and federal court, and a comparison of habeas corpus versus other remedies (including non-adversarial remedies) for addressing wrongful convictions and claims of innocence. Prerequisite: Criminal Procedure Adjudicative or Investigative (2 or 3 credits)

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 431 or LAWS 432.

LAWS 414. Food Law.2-3 Credits.

This course examines the legal and policy issues associated with the Food and Drug Administration's regulation of foods and dietary supplements and tobacco products. The class reviews the statutory provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as well as the governing case law, implementing regulations, and administrative actions that govern the development/formulation, product positioning and approval/clearance, and labeling/marketing of these products. The course also covers food safety issues, focusing on the Food Safety Modernization Act of 2011 and FDA's rules on restaurant menu and vending machine labeling. The course also includes some coverage of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, its authority over meat and poultry products, and its regulation of organic programs under the Organic Foods Production Act. Students receive a comprehensive overview of the historical background and current state of FDA, and explore FDA's expanding authority over novel technologies, enforcement and inspection powers, and post-marketing surveillance to address safety concerns. (2 or 3 credits dependent on instructor)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 415. Business Law Externship.2-5 Credits.

Placements are in private law firms presenting clients in an array of business and/or commercial areas. (Pre- or co-requisites: IRC, Commercial Law, or Business Organization may be required.) (3 to 6 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 416. Health Law Externship.2-5 Credits.

Placements are in a wide array of health-related entities where any sort of health law is the main area of practice, such as private law firms, in-house corporate offices, hospitals, non-profit agencies, or governmental agencies. (Pre- or co-requisites: IRC; some health law courses might be required) (3 to 6 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 417. Intellectual Property Externship.2-5 Credits.

Students work with various forms of intellectual property law in settings such as private law firms or in house corporate offices. (Pre- or co-requisites: IRC; some IP courses may be required) (3 to 6 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 418. Advanced Constitutional Law - Civil Rights.2 Credits.

This seminar will explore the laws, history, and politics of discrimination against the "Other" in America. It will examine civil rights in a broad context of twentieth-century social movements and challenges to discrimination, with particular emphasis on the African-American freedom movement and other political and social movements including feminists, LBGT, Chicano, new immigrants, disability, and contemporary movements.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 419. Adv.Con.Law-1st Amendment Religion Claus.3 Credits.

This course will examine the history and contemporary meaning of the First Amendment's Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause, along with related statutes such as the Religious Freedoms Restoration Act. The readings will consist of relevant historical materials and the principal United States Supreme Court decisions interpreting the Religion Clauses. Topics include the meaning of "religion," competing theories of religious liberty, government aid to religion, religion in the public schools, and regulation of religious speech.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 110.

LAWS 423. State Constitutional Law.2-3 Credits.

Connecticut is the Constitution State. The focus of this course is on the Connecticut Constitution. The course will address cases in which the Connecticut appellate courts have agreed or declined to expand individual rights under the Connecticut Constitution beyond the federally-guaranteed minimum. The subject area will include both civil issues, such as freedom of speech, the right to education, equal protection of the laws, and the right to bear arms, and criminal matters, such as search, seizure, and arrest, jury selection, and the death penalty. The course will examine both the substantive holdings of the cases as well as the method used (original intent, textualism, contemporary values) to interpret the Constitution.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 110.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 426. Employment Discrimination Law.3 Credits.

This course examines the multitude of statutes--federal, state, and local--that provide for equal employment opportunities regardless of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, or physical or mental handicaps. The effectiveness of the various remedies is explored and the administrative processing of complaints is reviewed. Litigation strategies are also considered.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 428. Negotiation.1-3 Credits.

In this course students study negotiation from theoretical and practical perspectives. The course uses lectures, discussions, film, and simulations to introduce students to the key features of negotiation. Each student engages in a series of role play exercises, with an opportunity for critique and debriefing with faculty and fellow students. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 429. International Human Rights.2 Credits.

This course considers human rights under the United Nations Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and other U.N. documents and resolutions, as well as U.N. investigation of human rights violations. The course also examines regional arrangements to protect human rights, exemplified by the European Human Rights Convention and its inter-American counterpart. It is desirable but not essential for students to have completed a course in international law. This course is offered as part of a study abroad program at Trinity College in Dublin Ireland.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 430. International Trade.3 Credits.

The course covers domestic and international laws and institutions governing foreign trade, including the legal consequences of U.S. participation in the GATT, UNCTAD, and other international forums, law regulating customs and tariffs, government procurement, subsidies, dumping, unfair foreign trade practices, disruptive imports under the escape clause, the generalized system of preferences, most-favored nation treatment, exports under the Export Administration Act, and foreign assets control; the impact of Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation treaties. Specialized problems include foreign corrupt practices, and restrictive business practices, NAFTA, Custom Unions and Free Trade Areas.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 431. Criminal Procedure - Adj..3 Credits.

This course deals with the adjudicative stage of the criminal justice process. It includes the initial appearance following arrest, the decision to prosecute, the preliminary hearing, bail, indictment, pleas and plea bargaining, the trial, and double jeopardy. The major emphasis is on the constitutional limitations on the adjudication of criminal matters.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 432. Criminal Procedure Inv..3 Credits.

This course deals with the investigative stage of the criminal justice process. It focuses on the police function, emphasizing the constitutional limitations on that function and the means of enforcing those limitations. The course includes a consideration of such matters as arrest, stop and frisk, search and seizure, eavesdropping, wiretapping, identification procedures, and questioning of suspects.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 434. Employment Law.3 Credits.

This course presents an introduction to the laws that apply to the employer-employee relationship. It reviews issues that confront the employment lawyer practicing within the myriad regulatory laws and regulations governing employer and worker rights under federal, state and common law. The course examines a selection of various issues that arise in employment law such as the development of employment law, and sources of modern employment law in public employment, collective bargaining, non-discrimination, employment-at-will, judicial modification of employment-at-will, establishment of the employment relationship, a brief survey of the laws against discrimination, a review of wage and hour laws, pay equity and comparative worth, fringe benefits, conditions of employment in the work environment, OSHA and workers compensation, regulations and laws governing discharge, termination employment, unemployment and retirement.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 435. Advanced Family Law I - S.2-3 Credits.

This simulation course is the first semester of a year-long sequence of courses and must be successfully completed in order to take the second semester. Students enrolled in Advanced Family Law I must take Advanced Family II in the second semester. The courses examine advanced legal issues in domestic relations cases and focus on advocacy skills necessary for the competent practice of litigation in Family Law. Students will learn the financial, property and child-related practice from the pretrial through trial stages of a case. Topics will include special discovery practices and evidentiary issues such as the use of experts, both financial and psychological. Students will participate in mock exercises designed to simulate pre-trial and trial phases of a case and produce written work product typical of that filed in litigated family cases. Note: Although negotiation will be addressed, this course will not cover the non-adversarial alternatives to litigation, such as collaborative law and family mediation. Pre or co-requisites: Family Law, Federal Income Tax.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 370.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 437. Computer and Internet Law.2 Credits.

This course covers computer hardware and software applications of copyright, patent, and unfair trade practices law, contracts for computer services and technology, invasion of privacy, and other related topics. Topics may include the tension between regulation and free speech on digital platforms, privacy in the digital realm, and regulation of blockchain and digital currencies. Artificial intelligence as applied to inventions and works of art may also be discussed.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 438. Advanced Family Law II.2-3 Credits.

This simulation course is the second semester of a year-long sequence of courses; successful completion of the first semester is required for enrollment in this second semester. The courses examine advanced legal issues in domestic relations cases and focus on advocacy skills necessary for the competent practice of litigation in Family Law. Students will learn the financial, property and child-related practice from the pretrial through trial stages of a case. Topics will include special discovery practices and evidentiary issues such as the use of experts, both financial and psychological. Students will participate in mock exercises designed to simulate pre-trial and trial phases of a case and produce written work product typical of that filed in litigated family cases. Note: Although negotiation will be addressed, this course will not cover the non-adversarial alternatives to litigation, such as collaborative law and family mediation. Pre or co-requisites: Family Law, Federal Income Tax, Advanced Family Law II.

Corequisites: LAWS 370.

LAWS 442. Sports & Entertainment Externship.2-5 Credits.

Placements in private law firms or in-house corporate offices where various forms of sports or entertainment law are the primary subject matter. (Pre- or co-requisites: IRC; Sports or Entertainment Law may be required) (3 to 6 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 443. Tax Law Externship.1-5 Credits.

Students work in the area of tax law in law firms, governmental agencies, or in house corporate law departments. (Pre- or co-requisites: Federal Income Tax; other tax courses or a recommendation from the tax faculty may be required. IRC may be waived for most placements.) (3 to 6 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 444. Employment Law Externship.2-5 Credits.

Employment and labor law is practiced in private firms, corporate offices, nonprofit entities, and government agencies at the state and federal level. Depending on the type of placement, students work on behalf of employees or employers on a wide range of employment and labor topics, including discrimination claims, wage issues, unemployment matters, and labor contract negotiations and arbitrations. (Pre- or co-requisites: Employment Law and/or Labor Law are recommended) (3 to 6 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 446. Environmental Law Externship.2-5 Credits.

Students may engage in environmental and energy law in placements in government agencies, non-profit agencies, private law firms, or in-house corporate law departments where various aspects of environmental law are the primary subject matter. (Pre- or co-requisite: Environmental Law) (3 to 6 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 450. Nonprofit Organizations.2 Credits.

This course explores the historical development and principal theoretical rationals for the nonprofit sector. It examines the formation, classification, peration, and goverances of nonprofit organizations under both state and federal law. Particular emphasis is given to state corporation law and federal tax exemption issues, including responsibilities and liabilities of directors, officers, and volunteers; financial management; the public policy issues involving commercial, lobbying, and other political activities; and constitutional issues affecting nonprofit organizations.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 454. Advanced Corp. Tax.2 Credits.

This course explores the federal income tax consequences that follow when a corporate business is transferred to new owners. Principal topics of study are taxable asset and stock transfers and the statutorily prescribed scheme for nontaxable corporate reorganizations. (2 credits)

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305, LAWS 580.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 457. Health Care Compliance Law.3 Credits.

This course illuminates the legal aspects of health care compliance. At both the federal and state levels, the course addresses the statutory, regulatory, and case law that comprises the complex legal backdrop in which the health care industry operates. The course introduces the history, purpose, and substance of health care regulatory compliance programs and addresses legal doctrines concerning reimbursement law and related fraud and abuse, legal restrictions on physician referral and related anti-kickback laws, antitrust law, compliance issues in health care business transactions, compliance mandates in the Affordable Care Act, and the law governing health care research.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 464. Legislative Externship.2-5 Credits.

This internship places students in positions with members of the Connecticut legislature, and in the offices of the governor. Successful completion of a course in legislation may be a prerequisite.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 470. Legislative Externship Seminar.1 Credit.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 471. Education Law.2 Credits.

This course covers those aspects of education which are regulated or influenced by law. Areas of study include; the rights of teachers, students, and parents in a school system; state compulsory education laws; school disciplinary processes; teacher tenure and union issues; and regulation of public, parochial and private education.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 475. Tax Procedure - Civil.2 Credits.

This is a study of practice before the IRS and the tax courts, as well as a study of refund litigation. Included will be a discussion of court procedures, statutes of limitation, ruling requests, and deficiency assessments.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 477. International Tax.2 Credits.

An analysis of the U.S. tax treatment of nonresident aliens and foreign corporations, the U.S. tax treatment of U.S. individuals and corporations engaged in international transactions, calculations of the foreign tax credit, and U.S. taxation of controlled foreign corporations.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 497. Law Review II W.1-2 Credits.

The Quinnipiac Law Review Association is a student operated association. It publishes the Quinnipiac Law Review (QLR), a law journal that includes articles and book reviews written by legal scholars, as well as case comments and notes written by student members. A board of student editors solicits, organizes, edits, and publishes material for QLR. Membership is based on academic achievement and/or participation in an annual write-on competition. Successful completion of all requirements entitles a student to 4 academic credits and credit for the substantial paper component of the Advanced Writing Requirement.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 504. Tax Policy- S, W.2-2 Credits.

The course will examine the advantages and disadvantages of various methods for raising revenue and the use of the current income tax system to promote certain types of activities and to reward or discourage behavior. The course will also focus on changes to the tax law since 1981 as illustrative of presidential and legislative choices and the interplay of policies and politics. Students will produce an independent research paper on topics of their choice. (Prerequisite: Federal Income Tax) 2 credits.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305.
Offered: Every year, Spring

LAWS 505. Mergers & Acquisitions.2 Credits.

This course will examine the purchase and sale of business entities through a presentation and discussion of the acquisition process. It will introduce the student to acquisition transactions through an examination of the reasons for acquisitions, the types of acquisitions, the structure of acquisition transactions, the documentation and negotiation of the principal agreements and documents to effect an acquisition transaction and certain corporate governance matters related to the approval of acquisitions. The course will focus on private company transactions but will also consider matters regarding public company transactions. This examination will also include a presentation and analysis of the purchaser and the seller issues frequently encountered in the acquisition process. This course is designed to explain to the student the lawyer role in an acquisition and to promote an understanding of the theory and the practice of law as it applies to the purchase and the sale of business entities.

Prerequisites: Either LAWS 205 LAWS 393 LAWS 305 LAWS 310 LAWS 310
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 506. Entertainment Law.2 Credits.

This course examines the legal principles and business practices of several entertainment industries including music, motion picture, television, live theater, and print publishing.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 508. Worker's Compensation.2 Credits.

The course will cover the law of workers' compensation, with attention given, where appropriate, to the Connecticut Act. The course generally will deal with the liability of employers for work-related injuries to employees. In particular, the course will consider: employees' remedies prior to and apart from workers' compensation; the Compensation Principle; the necessary employer-employee relationship required to activate coverage; the concept of accident; accidents during the course of the employment; accidents arising out of employment; occupational disease; proof of causation and independent causes after the accident; compensation for non-fatal injury; death benefits; administration of workers' compensation laws; and third party suits.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 509. Sports Law.2 Credits.

This course will examine the legal issues involved in amateur, collegiate, and professional sports, including coach and player contracts, NCAA regulation and litigation, athlete-agents, torts involving players and fans and professional player drafts. The course will be taught using a hybrid approach of traditional case method, current cases and issues in sports law, as well as practical exercises such as mock negotiations. Class participation, oral presentations and weekly writing assignments will be required. Sports Law is designed for students with an interest in a career in sports law, or a deep interest in the legal issues surrounding the business of sports.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 510. Commercial Transactions Workshop Exp.2 Credits.

This workshop will serve as an introduction to some of the practical aspects of transactional practice. Through participation in a simulated common transaction, students will review and draft or edit (or both) portions of documents such as a contract for the sale of goods, an asset purchase agreement, a commercial lease, a promissory note, and a security agreement. The work with the documents will be based on both legal principles and business considerations. Other exercises will include drafting memoranda explaining documents to clients and assisting clients in resolving disputes that arise during performance of an ongoing agreement. The course objectives will include inculcating professional skills in interactions with clients and opposing counsel in deal making. The course should prove useful for students who are interested in transactional work as well as those who are interested in commercial litigation or arbitration. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 512. Historic Preservation.2 Credits.

This course will explore the extent to which legal protection should be provided for the preservation of historic buildings and the policy reasons for and against such protection. We will study federal statutes governing preservation, religious land use, and archaeological treasures; constitutional issues ranging from the First Amendment to takings law; innovations in building codes that encourage rehabilitation; environmental policy; tax credits; and the utility of nonprofit organizations, stateside and worldwide. We will consider the interaction of those laws with aesthetic and political issues. We will also survey state and local laws across the country with a focus on Connecticut. Satisfies the substantial paper requirement. No prerequisite.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 513. Land Use Practicum.3 Credits.

In this practicum, students will participate in some classroom meetings, team meetings, and meetings before local land use agencies, primarily during regularly scheduled class time. Students will meet with the local land use agencies in a Connecticut town and will attend their meetings on a regular basis, analyzing applications and reporting to the rest of the class. Teams will be assigned to review selected regulations, present what they find during public sessions in the town, research and draft improvements to the regulations, and present those drafts at public meetings. The course will enable students to gain a real-world understanding of local land use regulations (many of which are profoundly imperfect), critique administrative proceedings, research and draft regulations, and make at least two public presentations. 3 credits

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 515. Alternative Dispute Resolution Exp..2-3 Credits.

This course examines a number of alternative approaches to the traditional resolution of disputes through litigation. These include: adjudicative processes, such as arbitration; consensual processes, such as interest-based negotiation and mediation, including a diverse range of theories and approaches to mediation; and other emerging alternative processes, such as collaborative lawyering. The focus of this course is upon examining and demonstrating how practicing lawyers classically trained for the courtroom must adapt and adjust to a wide spectrum of ADR processes increasingly being used to resolve disputes outside of court. This is an introductory course and is one of the courses required for the Civil Advocacy and Dispute Resolution Concentration. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 516. International Business Trans..2-3 Credits.

Within a framework of the political and jurisprudential underpinning of international law, consideration is given to the problems of the lawyer with a commercial clientele. these are relevant both to governments and private participants. Specific topics covered will include aspects of multinational enterprises, the overseas reach of the antitrust laws, the general agreement on tariffs and trade, the European Common Market, economic warfare, (i.e. blacklists, boycotts, etc.) confiscation of foreign-owned property, trans-national aspects of income taxation, and the role of international institutions such as the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 517. Int'l Humanitarian Law of Armed Conflict.2 Credits.

International Humanitarian Law of Armed Conflict Course Description: International Humanitarian Law (also known as the law of armed conflict and the laws of war) concerns the rules and principles governing the conduct of armed conflict. This course will consider the origins and development of IHL, the Geneva Conventions, and the interaction between IHL and other law, such as international human rights law, international criminal law, and U.S. constitutional law. Specific topics may include the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the Iraq and Afghan wars, the treatment of detainees at Guantanamo Bay, the applicability of IHL to international terrorism, and mechanisms for holding violators accountable, including ad hoc international tribunals and the International Criminal Court. Although the focus of the course will be jus in bello, the law regulating the conduct of war, there will be some discussion of jus ad bellum, the law relating to the legality of armed conflict, aggression, and self defense.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 519. State & Local Tax.2 Credits.

This is a study of the major ways state and local governments tax multi-state businesses. Included will be a discussion of the problems of apportionment and constitutional limitations on state taxation.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 520. Public Interest Externship.2-5 Credits.

This program encompasses a broad range of placements in legal departments of public agencies and private not-for-profit organizations. Past placements have included Attorney General's offices, various State's Attorneys offices, Public defender offices, The Connecticut Fund for the Environment, and the Internal Revenue Service. Students are assigned to work with supervising attorneys and devote at least ten hours a week to the internship.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 521. Family& Juvenile Law Externship.2-5 Credits.

Students will work in Legal Services offices (New Haven Legal Assistance, Connecticut Legal Services, or Greater Hartford Legal Assistance) or in private law offices, representing low- to middle-income clients in family and child abuse and neglect matters. Family Law and/or Juvenile Law is strongly recommended in the same or prior semester. Optional short paper credit; one two-hour class every other week. (Pre- or co-requisite: Evidence)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 523. Mediation Externship.1-5 Credits.

Students act as "neutrals," mediating disputes with experienced mediators. Placements may be in court-based programs, community mediation programs, or with attorney-mediators. (Introduction to Mediation or the QU 40-hour mediation training is a pre- or co-requisite) (2 to 4 credits only)

Prerequisites: LAWS 374.
Corequisites: Take LAWS 374.

LAWS 525. Moot Court I.1 Credit.

Participation on the Moot Court Board allows students to build upon the writing and advocacy skills developed in the first year Legal Skills Program. Students practice advocacy skills by preparing and presenting both written briefs and oral arguments, which are usually made before a panel of judges. Members of the student board, elected through an intramural competition held each Fall, compete in national and regional competitions with teams from other law schools. Successful completion of a student's first academic year of membership on the board, including participation in the intramural competition used to select members, entitles the student to one credit. One additional credit may be earned for participation as a competitor or competition editor in an interscholastic Moot Court competition. A maximum of three credits may be gained for all participation in Moot Court Board activities. Moot Court Board credits are granted with the grade of "pass". Any award or credit is based in part on the student's own preparation of a written memorandum or brief assented to by a faculty member and is subject to the faculty member's evaluation and review of the student's entire work in the competition.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 526. Moot Court II.1-2 Credits.

Participation on the Moot Court Board allows students to build upon the writing and advocacy skills developed in the first year Legal Skills Program. Students practice advocacy skills by preparing and presenting both written briefs and oral arguements, which are usually made before a panel of judges. Members of the Student Board, elected through an intramural competition held each Fall, compete in national and regional competitions with teams from other law schools. Successful completion of a student's first year of membership on the board, including participation in the intramural competition used to select members, entitles a student to one credit. One additional credit may be earned for participation as a competitor or competition editor in an interscholastic Moot Court competition. A maximum of three credits may be gained for all participation in Moot Court activities. Moot Court Board credits are granted with the the grade of "pass". Any award of credit is based in part on the student's own preparation of a written memorandum or brief assented to by a faculty member, and is subject to the faculty member's evaluation and review of the student's entire work in the competition.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 527. Corporate Counsel Externship.2-5 Credits.

Students work in the legal departments of area corporations and membership organizations. One two-hour class every other week.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 528. Moot Court III.1 Credit.

Participation on the Moot Court Board allows students to build on the writing and advocacy skills developed in the first year Legal Skills Program. Students practice advocacy skills by presenting both written briefs and oral arguements, which are usually made before a panel of judges. Members of the Student Board, elected through an intramural competition held each Fall, compete in national and regional competitions with teams from other law schools. Successful completion of a student's first academic year of membership on the board, including participation in the competition used to elect members, entitles the student to one credit. One additional credit may be earned for participation as a competitor or competition editor during interscholastic Moot Court competition. A maximum of three credits may be gained for all participation in Moot Court activities. Moot Court Board credits are granted with the grade of "pass". Any award of credit is based in part on the student's own preparation of a written memorandum or brief assented to by a faculty member and is subject to the faculty member's evaluation and review of the student's entire work in the competition.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 530. Probate Law Journal I.1-3 Credits.

The Quinnipiac Probate Law Journal is a student-edited law journal covering developments in probate law and practice. The Journal includes scholarly articles, as well as noteworthy judicial opinions from probate courts throughout the nation. Membership on the Journal is based on academic achievement and/or participation in an annual write-on competition. Successful completion of all requirements entitles a student to four academic credits and credit for the substantial paper component of the Advanced Writing Requirement.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 531. Probate Law Journal II W.1-2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 539. Intro. to Dispute Res. in Healthcare.2-3 Credits.

This course will introduce students to the potential role of ADR in resolving some of the most compelling disputes in the healthcare field. As this course will emphasize both conflict resolution skill-building and content-based learning, by the end of the course, students will be familiar with a spectrum of dispute resolution processes and context specific strategies for resolving conflicts in different healthcare settings. This is an intermediate course designed for students who have some familiarity with alternative dispute resolution and/or healthcare law.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 540. Family & Juvenile Law Externship.2-5 Credits.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 311.

LAWS 544. Advanced Health Law, S, W.2 Credits.

This is a limited enrollment course, open only to students who have taken the introductory Health Law course (LAWS 345) or who have professional training in medicine, nursing, or a related field. Students will be expected to do independent research in an area of health law to be approved by the instructor. In addition to producing a paper of substantial legal scholarship, students will be required to make class presentations on their research. This course is cross listed for the Health Care Compliance Certificate (offered in conjunction with the School of Business) and the Scholarly Reflection and Concentration/Capstone Course at the Frank H. Netter School of Medicine. [Prerequisite: Health Law ([LAWS 345)] (2 credits)

Prerequisites: LAWS 345.

LAWS 545. Healthcare and Hospital Administration.2-3 Credits.

This introductory course in healthcare and hospital administration will introduce students to the field of hospital administration and healthcare management.It will give an overview of contemporary issues relating to government healthcare regulation, hospital administration,medical staff credentialing, financial reimbursement,personnel management and federal efforts for universal healthcare coverage.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 547. Civ.&Pol Rts-1st Amendment.2 Credits.

This course is a study of the law of the individual liberties and civil rights, with emphasis on the First Amendment speech, press, and religion causes.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 110.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 549. Bioethics.2-3 Credits.

This course will cover the legal and ethical issues involved in such areas as human experimentation, novel means of reproduction made possible by advanced technology, medical treatment of patients who are incompetent to consent, genetic screening and counseling, abortion, the treatment of defective newborns, the definition of death, organ transplantation, AIDS, and drug and alcohol addiction.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 551. Federal Criminal Law.2 Credits.

This course examines Federal Substantive Criminal Law. It includes a re-examination of the constitutional authority of the national government; judicial, legislative and administrative approaches to limiting federal authority; and the state-federal relationship in the criminal process. The bulk of class time will be devoted to close examination of several statutory offenses, such as racketeering, mail fraud, and conspiracy. The course also focuses on ethical and policy issues confronting attorneys involved in the Federal Criminal Justice System. Successful completion of this course automatically satisfies the substantial paper requirement.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 110; Take LAWS 113.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 553. Law Practice Management.2 Credits.

This course will provide students with the knowledge and skills to build and manage a law practice that serves clients well, is profitable, personally rewarding, and prepared for the 21st century, while emphasizing the ethical implications of sound law practice management. The course will focus on general management principles applied to the law office, client relations, fee agreements, docket control and conflicts of interest, malpractice insurance and risk management, timekeeping and billing, personnel management, the 21st century law office library, practice management technology and equipment. The format will include guest lecturers, and individual and group-based projects addressing the problems and issues that arise when managing a law practice. (2 credits)

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 554. Corporate Compliance and Risk Management.2-3 Credits.

This course addresses the managerial and legal aspects of corporate compliance, risk management, and governance. The course will include the following topics: Governance (i.e., Shareholders, Board of Directors, Executives); Compliance (i.e., Internal Enforcement, External Enforcement-by Regulators, Prosecutors, Whistleblowers, Plaintiffs' Attorneys); Information Security; and Risk Management. The course will also cover Foreign Corrupt Practices; Anti-Money Laundering; the Bank Secrecy Act; and Sexual Harassment. Throughout the course, the primary emphasis will be on prevention or minimization of noncompliance. (Pre- or Co-Requisite: Business Organizations)

Corequisites: Take LAWS 205.

LAWS 564. Poverty Law.2 Credits.

The course examines the problems of poor persons and selected governmental and private efforts to aid them; consumer protection laws; the requirements and procedures regulating eligibility for Welfare Assistance; alternatives to the present system of Welfare payments; Housing Code enforcement; subsidized housing; the role of the poor persons in determining and managing programs designed to assist them; legal representation and counseling of the indigent persons.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 572. Immigrat'n & Natural'n Law.3 Credits.

Immigration and Naturalization Law This survey course provides an overview of U.S. immigration law and policy, balancing coverage of substantive black letter law with exploration of interdisciplinary issues arising from these rules. Throughout the semester, students will examine issues arising from migration and immigration to the United States from a historical, economic, political, and constitutional and statutory perspective. The course also seeks to familiarize students with practical issues that lawyers encounter when representing clients and working on immigration issues more generally. In some semesters, in lieu of writing a final research paper, students may opt to engage in an experiential project. Classes will combine lecture and class discussion, as well as the occasional panel discussion.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 574. Pretrial Litigation in State Courts.2-3 Credits.

This experiential course presents the phases of a civil litigation case from commencement (service of process) up to trial. A special emphasis will be on various forms and strategies for discovery, including depositions, as well as motion practice. Although the course will use the Connecticut Practice Book and state court procedures, the strategic lessons are valuable. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 579. Advanced Externship Seminar.1 Credit.

This is a seminar for students taking a second or subsequent externship. The seminar will include the goal-setting, semester-planning, and reflection assignments already required of all externs, as well as required readings and class meetings for discussion of a current topic confronting the profession and practice of law. Participation may be in-person or video/electronic for students in remote semester-in-practice placements. This seminar is optional for students taking local externships and/or earning five or fewer credits in an externship. It is required for any student in a remote placement and/or who is earning more than five advanced externship field work credits in a particular semester. (1 graded credit)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 580. Taxation of Bus. Enterprises.4 Credits.

This is a study of basic concepts of federal income taxation of partnerships, traditional corporations, and subcharter S corporations.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 581. Tax Research - S,W.2-3 Credits.

With approval of a faculty member, tax students may select a topic for extensive research culminating in a paper of publishable quality.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305.
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 584. Irish Legal System.2 Credits.

The Irish Legal system shares a common background and history with the American and Eglish systems, but it also has it s own. This course will examine some of the history of the Irish legal system, its courts, procedures, and include an introduction to some of the substantive law of Ireland. This course is offered as part of a study abroad program at Trinity College in Dublin Ireland.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 587. Disability Law.2 Credits.

This course focuses on The Americans with Disabilities Act, including its sections prohibiting disability discrimination in the workplace, in public accommodations and in state and local government services. The course explores the key elements of the law, including the definition of disability, reasonable accommodations, undue hardship and the direct threat defense. The course also examines the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and Federal Rehabilitation Act.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 588. Health Law Journal I.1-2 Credits.

The Quinnipiac Health Law Journal is a student-edited law journal. Each issue contains a collection of scholarly articles involving health law issues written by students of Quinnipiac University School of Law and/or legal scholars in the Health Law profession. Membership on the Journal is based on academic achievement and/or participation in an annual write-on competition. Successful completion of all requirements entitles a student to four academic credits and credit for the substantial paper component of the Advanced Writing Requirement.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 589. Health Law Journal II.1-2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 590. Law of Politics & Media.2 Credits.

This is a Constitutional Law course that focuses on the role of attorneys in the political process. We will spend time studying the power of the executive branch; political cover-ups; lying to Congress; impeachment; political deal making; campaign finance; the role of the press; and voting rights.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 596. Franchise Law.3 Credits.

This course will cover legal concepts that are fundamental to franchising, such as the application of trademark and trade secret principles to franchise relationships. Because franchising is a regulated form of business activity, students will study the most important regulatory laws: the basic federal disclosure law as well as state disclosure and relationship laws. Coverage will also include the application of contract and tort principles to franchise disputes. Depending on the instructor, principles from antitrust law, employment law, and the law governing mergers and acquisitions may also receive attention. (2 or 3 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 598. Native American Law, S, W.2 Credits.

Native American Law Course Description Topics covered in this course include tribal sovereignty and self government in Indian country, the special relationship between Indians and the federal government, federal Indian policy, conflicts involving tribal, federal, and state jurisdiction over Indians and Indian affairs in Indian country, tribal authority over Indians and non-Indians, criminal jurisdiction over Indians and non-Indians for offenses committed on reservations, tribal access to capital markets, tribal economic development, casinos and other types of gaming, land claim litigation, and current issues affecting tribal tribes, their governments, and their members.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 599. Interviewing & Counseling Clients.2 Credits.

This course is designed to prepare students for individual client representation and work in other practice settings. IRC students explore the lawyer's role, and develop interviewing, counseling, and negotiation skills by representing each other in mock cases. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 600. Law and Gender.2 Credits.

This course will examine the similar patterns of and justifications for racism, sexism, and homophobia and consider the differences in constitutional jurisprudence applied to each. It will include an examination of the right to sexual privacy; discrimination in the workplace, military, and education; and the expanding concept of marriage and the family. (2 or 3 credits)

Prerequisites: None
Offered: All

LAWS 601. Managed Health Care.2-3 Credits.

Managed care consists of healthcare coverage offered by private insurance companies. It encompasses government programs (Medicare/Medicare Advantage/Medicaid), commercial businesses/employees, Obamacare Exchange enrollees, religious groups, students, union workers, and their families. This course identifies and explores managed care delivery systems, including those owned and operated by private equity groups. Students will study the entities involved in managed care including regulatory agencies, health plans, providers, and patients/enrollees. The course is broadly focused, and topics will include the origin and expansion of managed care, end-to-end health plan structure and operations, government bids, provider contracting, electronic records/privacy, claims billing and adjudication, utilization management, and quality of care principles. Legal and enforcement topics such as healthcare fraud and abuse, and anti-kickback prohibitions will also be extensively discussed. This course incorporates significant in-class dialog, and will include regular student role-playing as health plan or provider attorneys.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 602. Law and Forensic Science.2 Credits.

Forensic scientific evidence is frequently the subject of court challenges and public controversy. Critics question the methods forensic scientists employ and the validity of their conclusions, while forensic experts claim that their work is misrepresented or misunderstood. During this course, experts in DNA, fingerprints, pattern interpretation, and other forensic disciplines will present the basic principles of their fields, accepted interpretation models, and the scientific limits of what experts can reasonably conclude. The course will also explore, through case examples and discussion, various strategies for using forensic evidence to support or challenge the reliability of factual findings.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 604. Medical Malpractice.2 Credits.

This course will cover the principles of medical negligence and their application in selected cases. Specific topics will include the physician's duty to patients, the standard of care in medical malpractice actions, causation in law and medicine, the standard of proof, the damages obtainable, medical records and other evidence used to prove malpractice, the use of expert testimony, and the physician patient privilege. Other areas to be discussed are hospital liability, the role of insurance, recent statutory reforms, and alternatives to litigation. (2 or 3 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 607. Legal Services Externship.2-5 Credits.

Students work in area Legal Services offices (New Haven Legal Assistance, Connecticut Legal Services or Greater Harford Legal Assistance), representing low-income clients in housing, employment, and/or public benefits matters. (Pre- or co-requisite: IRC; Evidence) (3 to 6 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 609. Externship Seminar.1 Credit.

This course is the companion seminar that is mandatory for all students taking their first externship course, regardless of the subject-matter and type of placement setting. In the seminar, students come together in the classroom to permit discussion designed to require reflection on their experiences at their externship site and to learn about the nature of the practice of law from each other, as well. Class activities include "rounds" and presentations where students share their insights, in a manner that does not violate client confidentiality. Discussion of professionalism, ethics, professional identity formation and other issues relevant to a range of practice settings form the core subject matter. Students create their own semester learning plans, write periodic reflection papers, and produce other required documents to track their hours and evaluate their own progress over the course of the semester.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 611. Advanced Clinic.1-6 Credits.

Some students who have completed a clinic semester will be invited to continue working in the clinic on advanced matters. May or may not have formal classroom component, at the professor's discretion. (By arrangement with clinic faculty; 1 to 6 credits)

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Every year, All

LAWS 612. Advanced Tax Clinic.2-5 Credits.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 295.

LAWS 615. Conn. Adjudicative Criminal Procedure.2 Credits.

This course will introduce students to the fundamentals necessary to practice criminal law in the State of Connecticut. It examines both the theoretical and practical aspects of Connecticut criminal procedure. The students will be familiarized with the criminal statutes, the criminal provisions of the Connecticut Practice Book and seminal state and federal criminal cases dealing with the Connecticut pretrial process. There will be practical exercises and mock pretrial proceedings which apply the materials covered in class. This course will encompass many of areas of pretrial practice including arraignments; bond arguments; discovery; plea negotiations; pretrial diversionary programs; hearings on motions to suppress physical evidence, identification evidence and/or statements; competency; violations of probation; and sentencing. Prerequisite or Corequisite: Criminal Procedure-Adjudicative or Criminal Procedure-Investigative

Corequisites: Take LAWS 431 or LAWS 432.

LAWS 620. Electronic Discovery & Digital Evidence.2 Credits.

This course examines the procedural and evidentiary issues that arise in an increasingly digital world. Students focus on the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and the Federal Rules of Evidence as they apply to the retention, storage, production in pretrial discovery, and admissibility at trial of electronically stored information. The course is interactive and affords students the opportunity to utilize written and oral advocacy skills in applying the rules of procedure, evidence and ethics to civil and criminal case scenarios. No special knowledge about computers is needed. Prerequisite or corequisite: Evidence

Corequisites: Take LAWS 311.

LAWS 625. Health Information Privacy and Security.2 Credits.

Health information privacy and security are critical components of the current health care culture and health law environment. This course provides an introduction to these privacy and security concerns and surveys key issues including electronic health records, the exchange of health information, privacy breaches, and the globalization of health care and clinical research. The course will discuss the interplay of federal health care privacy law with state privacy law with a focus on the federal Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH) and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). The course will also present an overview of international healthcare privacy considerations in cross-border healthcare-related transactions, including tele-health consultations and global research. In addition to reviewing the legal authority, the course will feature sample case studies for analysis and discussion and will emphasize creative, critical thinking about health care privacy and security law in the context of the "real world.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 626. Evening Clinic: Legal Ethics Project.1 Credit.

Evening Clinic is an in-house clinical program. The subject matter of the clinical work may change from time to time. Currently, the subject matter is Legal Ethics. Students will work on Attorney Disciplinary matters, serving in a semi-prosecutorial role. Disciplinary cases involve allegations that attorneys have violated the Connecticut Rules of Professional Conduct and for which probable cause has already been found. Cases will be selected from the Office of the Chief Disciplinary Counsel, for investigation, drafting of briefs and memoranda, witness presentation, and oral advocacy at hearings before the Statewide Grievance Committee. Case development and presentation will also be under the supervision of a current or former Assistant Disciplinary Counsel. (3 or 4 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 627. Evening Clinic: Veterans Law Project.1-2 Credits.

This clinic is a collaboration with the Connecticut Veterans Legal Center. The CVLC attorneys teach the clinic, working work with students to represent veterans in their cases for veterans' benefits and for changes in their discharge status. The scheduling has been modified to meet the needs of students who cannot take a clinic or externship during regular business hours, but both full-time and part-time students may participate. (3 or 4 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 628. Estate Planning & Drafting.2 Credits.

This course considers means of planning for incapacity, death, and the transmission of wealth. Through various written projects, students will explore selected aspects of the estate planning process. A major emphasis will be on the client counseling and drafting skills needed for successful practice in this area of law. (Prerequisite: Trusts and Estates) (2 or 3 credits). Experiential course.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 307.

LAWS 629. Government Contracts Law.2 Credits.

This course will examine the legal issues pertaining to the United States Government's contracting activities. Students will receive an overview of the Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR) and underlying statutes such as the Competition in Contracting Act (CICA) and Contract Disputes Act of 1978 (CDA). The course will give students the opportunity to explore the unique aspects of Government contract formation, administration, and litigation in both the private and public sectors.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 631. Financial Planning: Principles and Taxat.2-3 Credits.

This course considers major topics in the field of financial planning, including the role of various types of financial advisors, asset management and investments, retirement planning, insurance and income tax planning. Through various written projects, students will explore selected aspects of the financial planning process. Consideration will be given to the tax consequences of various planning techniques. (Prerequisite: Federal Income Taxation). Experiential course.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305.

LAWS 632. Multidistrict Litigation: Mass Torts.2 Credits.

Multidistrict Litigation - This course examines the availability of federal Multidistrict Litigation (MDL) to ensure the "just and efficient" handling of pretrial activities in mass tort litigation. Students will obtain a cradle-to-grave understanding of the life of a multidistrict litigation, including the creation of an MDL, its location, the selection of a judge to manage the MDL, the authority of the MDL judge, MDL activities, and the trial of individual cases before the MDL judge. The course will also concentrate on the plaintiffs' and defendants' often differing perspectives of the advantages and disadvantages of an MDL and the parties' tactics to further their respective interests, including plaintiffs' efforts to litigate their cases in state courts deemed "favorable" to plaintiffs, and defendants' efforts to undo plaintiffs' choice of forum. The course will discuss actual cases, articles, and a hypothetical set of facts, largely through the lens of a practitioner. (2 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 633. Intellectual Property in Life Science.2 Credits.

Intellectual property rights are important for innovation in health care and public health, and are one factor in determining access to medicines and medical procedures. The course will focus on various types of intellectual property in these areas, including patents relating to pharmaceuticals, medicines, medical devices, and surgical procedures. Related topics to be discussed include patentable subject matter and trade secrets as they relate to healthcare IP, as well as ownership, licensing, and other transactions involving such intellectual property. Policy considerations including the importance and effectiveness of intellectual property regimes and other incentive and funding mechanisms that stimulate research and the creation of new medicines and other products that improve health will also be discussed.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 634. Int'l Human Rights Law & Trans. Justice.1-3 Credits.

International Human Rights Law & Transitional Justice This year-long course will explore the tension between justice and peace; and, in the transitional justice context, the tension between justice and mercy. Topics may include, among others: the concept of human rights, guaranteeing human rights by treaty, human rights & foreign policy, transitional justice, truth & reconciliation processes, and women, peace & security. The course culminates, for students who are able to attend, in making a presentation at the annual Summit of Nobel Peace Laureates, which meets annually to "engage in dialogue, discussion, and debate about current issues and challenges, promote significant international political and social campaigns, issue statements, conceive and create new initiatives, and hopefully send messages of inspiration and wisdom to the entire world." Since its inception in 1999, the Summit has convened in, among other cities, Rome, Hiroshima, Warsaw, Berlin, Paris, Barcelona, and, most recently, in Bogotá. The course will prepare the students for their presentation by providing an education in the legal texts and historical readings relevant to each year's Summit. (2 or 3 credits: 1 each in the fall and spring, plus 1 credit for attending the Summit, earned in the semester in which the Summit occurs.)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 635. Negotiable Instruments & Elec. Payments.2-4 Credits.

Negotiable Instruments and Electronic Payments (LAWS 635) Introduction to Article 3 (Negotiable Instruments), Article 4 (Bank Deposits and Collection), and Article 4A (Fund Transfers) of the Uniform Commercial Code. In addition, the course will address various federal statutes, such as the Check 21 Act and the Electronic Funds Transfer Act.

Corequisites: LAWS 323;

LAWS 636. Sentencing, Prisons, and Reentry P.2 Credits.

This seminar will explore policies and procedures relating to the "back end" of the criminal justice system (i.e., what occurs after a determination of guilt). The course will cover topics relating to criminal sentencing, including sentencing guidelines, mandatory minimums, and constitutional challenges to sentences. We will consider laws and policies relating to incarceration, such as prison conditions, solitary confinement, access to health care for prisoners, and the Prison Rape Elimination Act. Finally, we will examine the "collateral consequences" of criminal convictions and the challenges individuals face reentering communities after incarceration. These questions are pressing given the size of our country's incarcerated population - with more than 2.2 million people incarcerated in America's prisons and jails, we have more prisoners per capita than any other country in the world. (2 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 638. Corporate Counsel.2 Credits.

This course will examine, through role-playing, the practical aspects of being an in house corporate counsel. Students will receive an intense experience in exploring various real-world legal issues drawn from actual experiences and headlines to provide students with problems which intertwine ethical, business, and legal challenges. The primary focus of the course will be to engage the students to consider various primary questions such as: Who is the client? What is a win? How to get to "Yes" when the easy answer is "No"? The goal is to develop and enhance the student's problem solving skills in as realistic a setting as possible. (2 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 639. Criminal Justice: Inside/Out.2-3 Credits.

Students will study the criminal justice system alongside students in prison. Extensive discussion, readings, and papers will examine prosecution, bail, sentencing, punishment policy, and prison conditions from multidisciplinary and international/comparative perspectives. The course will take place inside a correctional institution and students must pass a background check to be eligible for the course.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 640. Advanced Veterans Clinic.1 Credit.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 644. Probate Court Practice and Procedure Exp.1 Credit.

This course is designed as an optional practical supplement to the Elder Law course to permit students to apply the theory and doctrine they learn in the Elder Law course. Experience is gained through simulated casework, including interviewing and counseling mock clients; drafting typical documents and pleadings; negotiating in the mediation context; and presenting simulated evidentiary hearings in the probate court context. This is an experiential course. Elder Law is a mandatory non-waivable pre or co-requisite; Trust and Estates is strongly recommended as a pre-or co-requisite. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 645. Mediation Clinic.1-2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 646. Children, Social Science, and the Law.3 Credits.

This course examines the various ways in which social science research is germane to law affecting children and families and the relationship between the fields of social science and law. It covers intensive, empirical examinations of child and adolescent development research and the effective application of such research in legal settings. Students will learn and critique the methods through which empirical research findings influence case law and best practices for representing children in family, child protection, and criminal matters.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 650. Information Privacy Law.2-3 Credits.

As the Internet continues to expand throughout society and in our daily lives, cybersecurity, privacy, and anonymity legal issues are becoming increasingly important. Students in this course will study both US and European data protection and privacy regimes, with an emphasis on US law. Students will explore the legal frameworks of US privacy laws as they apply to specific industries and types of information holders and users, analyzing relevant statutes, civil litigation, and FTC enforcement actions as well as actual contract language (i.e., online privacy policies and data protection language). Students will engage with the most current cases and will work on practical legal issues relevant to corporate clients. The objective of the course is for students to develop a broad foundation and skill set in this rapidly evolving area of law.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 655. Intro: Spanish for Lawyers.2 Credits.

This two-credit, pass/fail course aims to aid students in developing proficiency in communicating in Spanish in a legal context. The course emphasizes oral communication, but also provides instruction in written communication. In addition to instruction in basic, conversational Spanish, the course offers instruction in Spanish legal terminology applicable to a variety of legal contexts, including criminal, immigration, family, employment, and consumer protection law. Pre-requisite: At least two years of Spanish study in high school or college, or an experience that provides equivalent exposure to speaking and reading Spanish. The course will also matriculate native and other students who are fluent in Spanish who will serve as mentors and group discussion facilitators.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 666. Negotiation Clinic: Reaching Agreement.1 Credit.

This law clinic presents students with the opportunity to explore problem-solving approaches to working with clients who are seeking to engage in collaborative projects and deals with partners. Students will serve as neutral consultants and facilitators of the negotiation process for these clients, under the supervision of lawyers who are in the consultant/project manager role. Students will have significant client contact and will engage in interviewing, negotiation, facilitation, management, and consulting tasks. This clinic is specifically designed to educate students about emerging models of legal work in the ADR field with a comparative focus on more traditional models for making deals. Students will learn the best methods of virtual practice, will increase their overall practice-readiness, and will experience relational lawyering, interviewing and counseling, cross-cultural and international practice, as well as cooperative negotiation. The Integrative Law Approach to Negotiation is a mandatory pre-requisite; students will be invited to apply for the clinical semester based on their performance in the pre-requisite course. Negotiation or ADR is strongly preferred; additional study of basic negotiation theory will be required for those who have not taken either of these courses.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 667. Negotiation Clinic Seminar.2 Credits.

Requirements: Experiential; graded; in-class credits; Negotiation Clinic is mandatory co-req; Negotiation or ADR is waivable pre-req or co-req

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 668. Mediation Clinic Seminar.1 Credit.

This is a law clinic course involving the mediation of various types of cases under the supervision of professors experienced in mediation. Students will mediate the matters in teams of two co-mediators on site at the law school or within the local community, under supervision, and will handle the communications with the parties before and after the mediation. Students also will attend a mandatory weekly seminar for case preparation and de-briefing as well as for the study of advanced topics in mediation theory and ethics. Pre- or Co-requisite: One or more of the following: Introduction to Mediation course; completion of 30-40 hours of Mediation training through the law school's Center on Dispute Resolution or other approved mediation training program; demonstrated familiarity with mediation theory and practice through an approved mediation course in an undergraduate institution. Approval of non-law-school prior experience is at the discretion of the professor.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 669. Mediation Clinic.1-3 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 670. Tax Deals Workshop.2 Credits.

This course will focus on developing students' analytical, drafting, and negotiating skills while learning about the role of the tax lawyer in the transactional context. Topics covered include the role that taxes play in deals and deal structure for corporate transactions, including mergers and acquisitions (including tax-free reorganizations) and private equity. We will also discuss and analyze documents in the context of various transactions. Enrollment by permission of instructor. Prerequisites: Federal Income Tax, Business Planning.

Prerequisites: Take LAWS 305.

LAWS 671. Immigration Externship.1-5 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 672. Private Practice Externship.1-5 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 674. Video Game Law.2 Credits.

This course will examine the role of law in the video game industry. The course will cover practical legal concepts in the fields of video game development, publishing, esports, and streaming on platforms such as Twitch and YouTube. The course will be taught using a hybrid approach of traditional case method, discussion of relevant current events, and practical exercises pertinent to the study and practice of law in the digital entertainment field. While no courses are required prior to enrollment, the following courses are recommended in the same or prior semester: (i) for law students, Intellectual Property and/or Intellectual Property Licensing; and (ii) for graduate and undergraduate students in the Schools of Business or Communications, courses related to entertainment law, esports and/or videogame development.

Corequisites: Take LAWS 331 or LAWS 336

LAWS 675. Advanced Mediation Clinic.3-4 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 676. Anatomy for Lawyers.2 Credits.

An understanding of basic human anatomy is a key component of any legal action involving damage or injury to an individual. The purpose of this course is to provide a general overview of basic human anatomy. The intent of the class is to familiarize lawyers with basic human anatomy and some associated physiology. Plaintiff and defense attorneys who pursue personal injury and workers compensation cases focus mostly on joints and limb function, such as the ankle, hip and shoulder and their functional ability, and also on the spine (cervical and lumbar) and the overall functional ability. However, there are other areas of law such as medical malpractice, environmental/toxic tort, pharmaceutical/products, patent, mass tort, Criminal law and other areas of Healthcare law which all deal with basic or different aspects of anatomy and physiology. The areas of law in which a basic knowledge of human anatomy and physiology apply are substantial. The course will give a basic general understanding of human anatomy and physiology, and discuss common injuries and damage which will give attorneys a better understanding when reviewing medical records and evaluating cases and dealing with experts and expert testimony.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 677. Immigration Conseq. of Crim. Convictions.3 Credits.

Immigration Consequences of Criminal Convictions: This course will explore the intersection of criminal and immigration law, and specifically, the consequences of criminal conduct, arrests, and convictions, on individuals seeking to normalize their immigration status in the United States. The course will primarily explore what constitutes a conviction under U.S. immigration law, what are criminal grounds for inadmissibility to, and deportability from, the United States, and when a particular offense can trigger removability or bar relief from removal. The course will also feature a detention component, with a focus on the bases to detain and release immigrants with criminal encounters. Students will become familiar with the immigration enforcement process involving individuals with a criminal history before Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR), and the federal courts. Coursework will be evaluated through either a final exam or a mock pre-trial brief. Immigration Law is highly recommended but not required.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: As needed

LAWS 678. Transactional Clinic.1-2 Credits.

This law clinic presents students with significant skill development by providing the opportunity to engage in drafting documents typical of one or more types of transactional law practice, whether for clients who are individuals, business entities, or non-profit entities. Students will have client contact and engage in counseling clients about the strategies needed to achieve the client goals. Students will be "certified legal interns" and their work will be supervised by one or more lawyers. The class and supervision may be offered either in person or on-line.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 679. Transactional Clinic Seminar.2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 680. Probate Law Externship.2-5 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 681. Immigration Externship.2-5 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 682. Private Practice Externship.2-5 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 683. Advocacy in Arbitration Exp.2-3 Credits.

This course will provide the student with an understanding of the arbitration process from the advocate's perspective. It is designed to confront the student with scenarios and issues familiar to legal counsel and neutrals primarily in commercial arbitration, with some exposure to employment, consumer, and international arbitration. The course will cover the obligation to counsel clients regarding the option to arbitrate rather than litigate, and will explore the professionalism and ethical issues confronting the arbitration advocate. Each student will achieve a working knowledge of the techniques used by commercial arbitrators and will have the opportunity to practice those used by advocates representing clients in the arbitration forum in mock cases. Finally, students will learn some procedural differences in the arbitration process between U.S. domestic arbitration and foreign arbitrations. Arbitration and Evidence strongly recommended. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 684. Race, Child Welfare, and Juven.3 Credits.

This course examines the problem of racial disproportionality and disparate outcomes in the child welfare and juvenile justice systems. It covers an in-depth investigation of the impact of race and class at different decision points in the child welfare system, and examines different theoretical frameworks for approaching the racial disproportionality in the juvenile justice system as well as germane federal and state policies. Students will explore solutions to address racial disproportionality informed by social science research.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 685. Health Policy.3 Credits.

The undisciplined response to COVID-19, the constitutionality of the Affordable Care Act, the effects of expansion (or non-expansion) of Medicaid on our citizens in lower socio-economic categories, and the increasing loss of medical care for rural populations are but a few of the issues which raise the question of how the United States develops its health policy and how our elected officials decide what type of healthcare system best serves the needs of our citizens. This course will examine these and other questions, with a focus on the effects of health disparities and social determinants of health on the most vulnerable members of our population.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 686. Negotiation in Criminal Practice.2 Credits.

This course will provide the student with an understanding of negotiation in the criminal law practice setting-specifically, plea bargaining. It is designed to confront the student with practical, strategic, and ethical issues familiar to both defense lawyers and prosecutors. The course will cover basic negotiation theory and its application to the practice of plea bargaining. It will include some of the basic caselaw of plea bargaining, its practice, policy concerns, and reform proposals. Each student will achieve a working knowledge of the techniques used by criminal lawyers and will have the opportunity to practice and critique those used by advocates, through participation in mock cases. The course will also introduce students to the current policy debates and criminal law reform efforts implicating the use and abuse of plea bargaining and will offer examination of other new dispute resolution concepts arising in criminal law in the 21st century, such as restorative justice and problem-solving courts. Criminal Procedure - Adjudicative recommended. Experiential course.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 687. S O L Course Waiver.3 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 688. Music Business & Legal Affairs.2 Credits.

This course provides an overview of the music business and examines the types of agreements that are negotiated with artists, record labels, and music publishers in order to release music commercially. This course will also examine use and distribution of music in connection with brand and influencer partnerships, film/television, video games, and digital platforms such as Spotify, YouTube and TikTok. While no courses are required prior to enrollment, the following courses are recommended in the same or prior semester: (i) for law students, Intellectual Property and/or Intellectual Property Licensing; and (ii) for graduate and undergraduate students in the Schools of Business or Communications, courses related to entertainment law and/or entertainment marketing.

Corequisites: Take LAWS 331 or LAWS 336

LAWS 689. The Integrative Law Approach to Negotiat.2-3 Credits.

This entirely virtual course will examine a global reform movement for the practice of law called "Integrative Law," and will give students a chance to participate experientially in the simulated practice of law, with a focus on cooperative deal-making negotiation. Integrative Law refers to cutting-edge developments in the practice of law across all legal practice areas that seek to increase emotional intelligence, social intelligence, and legal skills and systems knowledge, as well as satisfaction for both lawyers and clients. Students will learn about relational lawyering, collaborative teamwork, plain language law, legal design, professional identity, and practice readiness. The primary simulation focus in this course is learning the "Conscious Contracts®" process which integrates current knowledge of neuroscience and values-based/client-centered lawyering into the process of negotiating and drafting contract documents. Students will get practice drafting documents individually and learn to negotiate and draft as a team. This course is a mandatory pre-requisite for the Negotiation Clinic. It may also be taken as a stand-alone course, for those who do not wish to take the clinic.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 690. Foundations of Practice.0-1 Credits.

This course will introduce students to some of essential foundations to the practice of law. The hands-on course will introduce students to the skills, ethics, and values of being a lawyer. The focus is on the identity of lawyers as problem-solvers, and will include the basics of interviewing, counseling, and negotiation. Strategies for maintaining personal well-being as a law student and as a lawyer is an integral part of this course. (1 credit). This course may not be used to satisfy the experiential graduation requirement and is for 1L students only.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 691. Asian Americans and U.S. Law.2 Credits.

The course will examine the experience of Asians at various points in United States history, through the lens of statutes and court decisions. Three main areas of focus are immigration in the early 20th century, World War II, and the early 21st century. Readings will be centered on court opinions and will also include statutory authority and scholarly articles. This course will provide the student with an understanding of the historical treatment of Asians and Asian Americans in the United States. It is designed to teach students about early anti-Chinese sentiment, Chinese exclusion, Asian exclusion, anti-miscegenation laws, the treatment and internment of Japanese Americans during WWII, historical and modern hypersexualization of Asian women, hate crimes against Asian Americans, and 21st Century issues including the Slants' trademark case, the "Muslim ban," and the Harvard Fair Admissions case. The course is designed to increase the students' understanding of the historical impact of U.S. law and policy on AAPI communities, as well as current law and policy that affects Asian Americans.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 692. Civil Justice Clinic Seminar.2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 693. Veteran's Clinic Seminar.2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 694. Tax Clinic Seminar.2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 695. Defense Apell.Clinic Seminar.2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 696. Prosecutorial Clinic Seminar.2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 697. Mediation Clininc Seminar.1 Credit.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 699. Study @ Another Institution.1-17 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 701. Cybersecurity Law.2-3 Credits.

Cybersecurity is a rapidly developing area of the law with roots in constitutional law and privacy rights. Topics include Fourth Amendment freedoms from government search and seizure, privacy rights limiting corporate and government collection and use of personal information, data security laws, data breach litigation, computer hacking cases, developing legislation in the United States and Europe, and public policy around all of these topics.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 702. Transactional Externship.1-5 Credits.

This externship course places students in private law firms or in-house corporate legal departments where the caseload will be exclusively transactional work, such as business formation, contracts, commercial deals, real estate transactions or other transactional legal work.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 703. Local Government Law.2 Credits.

Local government affects us directly and impacts us daily. At its core, local government is a lens through which power in our country can be examined, and debated whether and how it should be decentralized. This course focuses on at least four specific areas: (1) the arguments for and against decentralization; (2) how cities relate to state and federal government; (3) how cities relate to each other; and (4) how cities relate to their citizens. Topics include how race, class and voting rights are affected by local governments. By the conclusion of this course, students will have a better sense of both the laws affecting municipalities and how local government affects the lives of the people who live there.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: Fall

LAWS 704. Law and American National Identity.3 Credits.

This seminar interrogates the big question of what it means to be an American, how is American-ness identified, and who is considered most representative of American identity? The Black Lives Matter movement forced us to reckon with issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion of the American nation. Factors such as race, gender, national origin, class, and religion became some of the touchpoints in the struggle to determine the boundaries of membership in the social and political community that is considered the United States. The course will examine the Constitution, foundational texts, statutes, and other sources to determine how American identity has been constructed and re-constructed since the founding of the nation until contemporary times. In analyzing the historical and philosophical discussions on the nature of American identity, this seminar focuses on one central tenet that America is a nation where the rule of law prevails. Students will be challenged to think about the role that law and legal institutions have played in shaping American identity along very specific socio-cultural and historio-political lines. Accordingly, this course will require students to spot the issues and analyze cases that deal with how people in America define the ideal American, and who they see as best fitting that ideal.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 705. Life Sciences Business Transactions I.2-3 Credits.

In this course, students will be introduced to certain practical aspects of transactions in the life sciences and health care industries. Students will participate in a simulated life sciences transaction as junior associates on the transaction team. They will learn about different stages of a transaction and will review and evaluate sample transaction documents. Students also will participate in a due diligence simulation, where they will: (a) review various due diligence documents of the target entity; (b) learn how to identify key issues that arise in life sciences transactions (e.g., issues related to corporate governance, intellectual property protection, clinical trials, etc.); (c) practice communicating orally and in writing with transaction team members, the client, and opposing counsel; and (d) draft a comprehensive due diligence memorandum. This course is recommended for students in the Health Law or Intellectual Property concentrations who also are interested in transactional work.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 706. Blockchain and Digital Assets Law & Reg..2 Credits.

This course will explore the existing and developing laws and regulations around digital and crypto assets, predominantly looking at the United States but also globally. The seminar will begin with an overview of digital assets, the role digital assets could play in tackling global income inequality and the role of both federal and state agencies in digital asset regulation. We will explore in depth the roles of the Commodities Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"), the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network ("FinCEN") in formulating policy and in regulating digital assets. We will also focus on current trends, including the major recent enforcement actions by the SEC and CFTC in the digital asset area and major policy decisions now facing lawmakers in the digital asset area.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 707. Patent Practice & Procedure Exp Patent Practice & Proc. Exp.2-3 Credits.

This course introduces the fundamentals of patent practice before the United States Patent and Trademark Office (PTO), and is designed to assist students preparing for the Patent Bar Examination. It focuses on the various types of U.S. patents (utility, design, plant), searching of patents, drafting of patent applications, filing of the patent applications with the PTO, and prosecuting of patent applications before the PTO. The course will include multiple practical exercises typical for lawyers in a patent law practice. Students will become familiar with the statutes, PTO regulations, decisional law, customs and practice governing the drafting and prosecution of allowable patent claims. Students will also become knowledgeable of the parts of a patent application (specification, claims, abstract, and drawings), and the prosecution process for getting patent applications allowed by the PTO. Other topics typically covered include searching the PTO patent database; practice and procedure for foreign patent filing under the Patent Cooperation Treaty; allowance and issuance of patents; maintenance of patents; correction of patents; and appealing adverse Examiner decisions to the Patent Trials and Appeals Board.

Corequisites: Take LAWS 332 and LAWS 333;

LAWS 708. International Arbitration.2-3 Credits.

International arbitration is a private dispute resolution system that produces judicially enforceable awards. This course will introduce students to international commercial arbitration and investment arbitration. The course will examine legal concepts unique to arbitration namely separability, arbitrability and kompetenz-kompetenz (compétence-compétence) together with the procedural laws on the conduct of the arbitral process, making and enforcement of awards. The course will address both the theoretical underpinnings of the system as well as aspects of the current state of practice. This course is most suited for students with interest in the law of commercial transactions, shipping, international sale of goods, construction, energy, or intellectual property, and will prepare those students for the global environment in which most lawyers practice today.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 709. Anti-Money Laundering: Dom. & Int'l Reg..2 Credits.

ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING: Domestic and International Regulation and Enforcement For years the United States has had in effect a regulatory scheme that requires financial institutions to implement procedures to identify proceeds of illegal activity. The initial emphasis on money laundering involving drug, fraud, and terrorist activities has expanded to include tracking the proceeds of human trafficking, environmental crimes, and elder abuse and enforcing sanctions against Russian oligarchs. Both in-house and outside counsel are key players in overseeing compliance efforts by institutions. The federal government also employs many lawyers in the Department of Justice and the Treasury Department to enforce the laws and to investigate and prosecute financial crimes. We will also examine international efforts to thwart money laundering and to enforce sanctions. In addition to studying the relevant statutes, regulations, and court decisions, students will read case studies to understand the diverse methods of money laundering. We hope to have guest lecturers who work in this field. The course will provide a basic understanding of the domestic and international financial system which will help students in many areas of practice.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 710. Reconstruct. & the Civil War Amendments.1 Credit.

RECONSTRUCTION AND THE CIVIL WAR AMENDMENTS This Symposium course will feature films, guest speakers, and readings concerning the history of the post-Civil War Reconstruction era in order to better understand the political and social world of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments and their early enforcement by Congress - a period some historians have called the "Second Founding." As Supreme Court originalism in constitutional interpretation becomes more and more entrenched, the history surrounding these amendments will become critical to their interpretation. Students will be required to complete a paper and presentation related to the history, interpretation and understanding of these Civil War amendments and the impact of that understanding on civil rights today. Auditors and guests are welcome.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 711. Regulation of Digital Assets.2 Credits.

This course will provide an introduction to the laws and regulations around digital and crypto assets, predominantly looking at the United States but also globally. The course will include an overview of digital assets, the role digital assets could play in tackling global income inequality and the role of the Commodities Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"), the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network ("FinCEN") in formulating policy and in regulating digital assets. The course will also cover current trends, including recent enforcement actions by the SEC and CFTC and major policy decisions now facing lawmakers.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 712. Civil Adv & Dispute Resolution.1-2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 713. Asylum Law.2-3 Credits.

This course will explore the statutes, regulations, and case law that make up the substantive U.S. asylum law framework. The course will define asylees, refugees, persecution, and the elements of an asylum claim, to include the evolving nexuses and asylum bars. The course will further provide a backdrop for asylum claims by analyzing some common bases for individuals' fear of return. Students will also become familiar with the asylum process before the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR), and the federal courts. This same treatment will be given to the analogous applications of withholding of removal and protection under Article III of the United Nations' Convention Against Torture (CAT). (Strongly recommended: LAWS 572. Immigrat'n & Natural'n Law.)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 714. Introduction to Legal Research and Information Literacy.1 Credit.

This 1L required course introduces the fundamentals of research and information literacy in a legal context. The course focuses on both free and subscription-based online platforms and resources; navigating algorithmic bias; the promises and pitfalls of generative artificial intelligence; the legal research process; and effectively locating, analyzing and using appropriate secondary sources and primary authority. The course is designed to assist students in their preparation for the Connecticut Bar Examination, as well as for meeting their professional ethical obligations found in ABA Rule 1.1 regarding legal research and technology competency.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 715. Constitutional Law II.3 Credits.

This course is a study of individual rights and liberties as interpreted by the U.S. Supreme Court. It will cover the history and development of constitutional rights with particular focus on the First and Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution. It may also cover other amendments to the Constitution insofar as they relate to individual rights and liberties.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 716. Dispute Resolution.1-2 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 717. Law, Psych., Probate Courts.2 Credits.

Law, Psychiatry and the Role of Probate Courts - Medical and Legal Perspectives Connecticut Probate Courts have exclusive jurisdiction over mental health matters in hospital settings. These matters involve the intersection of law and psychiatry, and require Probate Courts to consider patient rights, treatment needs, and public safety. This course will explore the role of the probate judge as well as the treating and court appointed physicians in these processes. Each stakeholder has an interest in ensuring patient safety, educating the patient about court processes, maintaining positive therapeutic relationships, and adhering to legal and ethical principles. Discussion topics may include civil commitments, commitments of patients charged with crimes, involuntary psychiatric medication, shock therapy, probable cause hearings, voluntary admissions, conservators, special limited conservators, and patients' bill of rights. Guest presenters/lecturers may include persons involved in the probate process, such as psychiatrists, conservators, defense attorneys, prosecutors, and members of the Office of Forensic Evaluation and Psychiatric Security Review Board. The course will also include mock Probate Court hearings in which students will role-play the attorneys, psychiatrists, and other mental health practitioners involved in the process. (2 credits)

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 718. Privacy in Constitutional Law.2-3 Credits.

This course is a study of privacy rights and liberties in constitutional law. This course may cover the federal constitution, state constitutions, and/or foreign constitutions or their equivalents. Course materials may include, but are not limited to, cases, scholarly articles, academic research, and non-academic media (e.g., news articles, motion pictures, op-eds, etc.). Prerequisites: Constitutional Law 1; Constitutional Law 2.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 777. Review.1 Credit.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 790. Foundations of Practice II.0-1 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

LAWS 888. Fall 2020 Law Registration Ft.15 Credits.

Prerequisites: None
Offered: As needed, Fall

LAWS 890. Fall 2020 Law Registration Pt.10 Credits.

Prerequisites: None

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